Activated Charcoal

Name: Kaopectate

Class: Adsorbent, Antidote

Actions: Adsorbs toxins by chemically binding and prevents GI absorption

Indication: Poisioning following emesis or when emesis is contraindicated

Contraindications: None in severe poisioning

Side Effects: Nausea, Vomiting, Constipation

Precaution:  Should only be administered following emesis, and in cases in which it is so indicated.

Route: Oral

Adult Dose: 1gm/kg (typically 50-75g) mixed with glass of water to form a slurry

Pedi Dose: 1gm/kg

  Albuterol

Name: Proventil, Ventolin

Class: Sympathomimetic (B2 selective)

Actions: Bronchodilation

Indication: Asthma reversible bronchospasm

Contraindications: Symptomatic tachycardia, known hypersensitivity to the drug

Side Effects: Palpitations, anxiety, tachycardia, headache, dizziness, sweating

Precaution: BP, pulse and EKG should be monitored.  Use with caution in pt's with known heart disease

Route: Inhalation

Adult Dose:

- MDI: 1-2 sprays (90 mcg/spray)

- SVN: 1.25-5 mg

Pedi Dose: 

- MDI: 2 sprays

- SVN: 0.05mg/kg (max 2.5mg) in 2-3 ml NS (half of adult dose)

 Aspirin

Name: Bufferin

Class: Platelet inhibitor / anti-inflammatory

Actions: Blocks platelet aggregation

Indication: New-onset chest pain suggestive of MI.  S&S suggestive of recent ischemic stroke.

Contraindications: Pt's with Hx of hypersensitivity to drug.

Side Effects: Heartburn, Nausea, Vomiting, Wheezing

Precaution: GI bleed, upset stomach

Route: Oral

Adult Dose: 150-325 mg PO chewed 

Pedi Dose: Not Reccomended

Nitroglycerin

Name: Nitro

Class: Antianginal, nitrates

Actions: Smooth muscle relaxant, decreases cardiac work, dilates coronary arteries

Indication: Angina Pectories, AMI, CHF 

Contraindications: HoTN, pericardial tamponade, head trauma

Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, HoTN, tachycardia, syncope, nausea, vomiting, flushing

Precaution: monitor for ST elevation, HoTN, contraindicated for right ventricular arrest

Route: IV drip, SL, Topical 

Adult Dose: 

- SL: 0.4mg q5min, max 3 dose

- IV: 5-10mcg/min, increase by 5mcg/min to effect.  Mix 50mg in 500ml NS

Pedi Dose: Not used