Term
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antiulcer
suppresses gastric secretion
Used for GERD & duodenal ulcers
Side Effects: headache, dizziness, asthenia, acid regurgitation
Adverse Reactions: Heart Failure, Hepatic Failure, Hematuria
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 10-40mg daily
Assess: bowel sounds, abdomen pain, swelling
Give: Don't crush,chew. take before breakfast
Evaluation: Absence of epigastric Pain and swelling
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
| Prednisone (Winpred) (front of card) |
|
Definition
| Corticosteroid Decreases inflammation & increase capillary permeability Used for severe inflammation, dermatological disorders Side Effects: flushing, sweating, increased appetite Adverse Effects: Embolism, GI Hemorrhage, Thrombophlebitis Contraindication: Hypersensitivity, AIDS, TB, Non-asthmatic bronchiole disease Dosage: PO 25-300mg Assess: weight, B/P, Edema Give: with food or milk, Long term use = take every other day Evaluate: Ease of respiration and decreased inflammation (back of card) |
|
|
Term
Cephalexin (Keflex)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Anti-infective
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis= cell death
Used for Gram - (flu, e-coli) & Gram + (pneumonia, strep) bacteria in respiratory, urinary, skin, bone infections
Side Effects: Diarrhea, Anorexia, Dizziness
Adverse Reactions: Seizures, Renal failure, Anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, not for infants under 1 month
Dosage: By injection and PO
Assess: Sensitivity to Penicillin & cephalosporins, increased BUN/Creatinine levels for nephrotoxicity
Give:with food and after culture and sensitivity for 10-14 days
Evaluation: Decreased symptoms of infection and negative C&S
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Nabumetone (Relafen)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
NSAID
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory
Used for Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis. Acute and Chronic treatment
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue
Adverse Reactions: CHF, MI, Stroke
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to med, aspirins, iodides, asthma, NSAIDS
Dosage: PO 1g as single dose
Assess: Cardiac Status, GI status, Pain level
Administer: with food
Evaluation: decreased pain and stiffness in joints
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Docusate Sodium (Colace)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Laxative, Stool softener
Increases H20, fat penetration in intestine, allows passage of stool
Used to prevent dry, hard stools
Side Effects: Cramps, diarrhea, nausea
Adverse Reactions: None
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Obstruction, Impaction
Dosage: Caps, Tabs, Oral Solution, Enema
Assess: Cause of constipation, cramping, rectal bleeding
Give: in morning or evening & dilute oral solution
Evaluation: Decrease in constipation
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Multivitamin (One-A-Day etc)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Vitamins
Needed for adequate metabolism
Used to prevent and treat vitamin deficiencies
Side Effects: None
Adverse Reactions: None
Contraindications: None
Dosage: PO & IV depending on dosage
Assess: For vitamin deficiency
Give: chew tabs, dilute solutions
Evaluation: Check for higher levels of vitamin in body
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Diazepam (Valium)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antianxiety, Anticonvulsant, Skeletal muscle relaxant
Enhances Presympathetic inhibition
Used for anxiety, acute alcohol withdrawl, seizure disorders,
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, orthosatic hypotension
Adverse Reactions: Tachycardia, Respiratory depression
Contraindications: Pregnancy, Hypersensitivity, Alcohol intoxication, glaucoma
Dosage: PO 2-10mg IV 2-10mg
Assess:B/P lying, sitting, standing, pulse, respiration, degree of anxiety, alcohol withdrawl symptoms, physical dependency
Give: with food or milk, can crush if needed
Evaluate: Decreased anxiety, restlessness, insomnia
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Oxycodone (Percocet)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Opiate Analgesic
Increases pain threshold, Alters pain perception, Inhibits pathways
Used for moderate to severe pain
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dizziness, Euphoria
Adverse Reactions: Respiratory Depression
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Opiate Addiciton
Dosage: PO 10-30mg
Assess: Respirations, B/P, Pulse, Pain and location of pain, Euphoria, hallucinations
Give: PO Do not break,crush,chew
Evaluate: Decrease in pain
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antidepressant
Inhibits reuptake of dopamine
Used for treating depression and smoking cessation
Side Effects: Dizziness, Insomnia, Tachycardia, Hypertension
Adverse Reactions: Suicidal ideation, seizures, complete AV block
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, eating disorders, seizure disorders
Dosage: PO (as high as 300mg per day)
Assess: Suicidal tendencies, smoking cessation after 7-12wks
Give: Do not break,crush,chew. give with food. Not at night.
Evaluate: decreased depression, smoking cessation
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Coronary Vasodilator
Inhibits adenosine uptake= coronary vasodilation
Used for prevention of TIA's and MI's
Side Effects: Orthostatic Hypotension, Syncope, Dizziness, Headache
Adverse Reactions: MI, Bronchospasm
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 50-75mg
Assess: B/P, pulse, check for orthostatic hypotension & Cardiac Status (pain and what aggrivates it)
Give: on empty stomach and give with 8oz water
Evaluate: Decreased platelet adhesion
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Anti-infective, Anti-ulcer
Interferes with cell wall replication= cell death
Used to treat skin, respiratory, GI, Gonorrhea, Gram + infections
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, uticaria
Adverse Reactions: Seizures, Bone marrow depression, Anaphylaxis
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Penicillins
Dosage: PO all ranges
Assess: Respiratory status, Anaphylaxis, Renal Function
Give: PO around the clock, may be mixed in liquid if needed.
Evaluate: Absence of infection, resolution of ulcer symptoms, prevention of Endocarditis
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Potassium Chloride (Micro-K)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Electrolyte, Mineral replacement
Needed for adequate transmission of nerve impulses & Cardiac Contraction
Used for prevention and treatment of hypokalemia
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, cramps, diarrhea
Adverse Reactions: Cardiac depression, Dysrhythmias, Cardiac Arrest
Contraindications: Hyperkalemia, Acute Dehydration, Extensive tissue breakdown, Renal disease
Dosage: Various
Assess: Potassium level during treatment, Cardiac status, Heart waves: PQRS
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. with or after meals. IV: through large needle to decrease vein inflammation
Evaluate: Absence of fatigue, muscle weakness, decreased thirst, and urinary output, cardiac changes
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Calcium Channel Blocker
Inhibits Ca2+ influx causing relaxation of coronary smooth muscles and dilates coronary arteries
Used for Angina (chest pain) due to coronary artery spasm, hypertension
Side Effects: Headache, fatigue, drowsiness, edema
Adverse Reactions: dysrhythmia, CHF, Heart Block, Acute renal failure
Contraindications: Hypotension, pulmonary congestion, bleeding aneurysms
Dosage: PO 30-180mg
Assess: Cardiac status & B/P
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. Take with full glass of water before meals at bedtime.
Evaluate: Decreased Angina & B/P
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antilipidemic
Reduces cholesterol synthesis; high doses= plaque regression
Used to help with hypercholesterolemia, elevated triglyceride levels & Atherosclerosis
Side Effects: Cramps, Constipation, Diarrhea, Heartburn
Adverse Reactions: Liver dysfunction, Rhabdomyolysis (skeletal muscle breakdown)
Contraindications: Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity, active liver disease
Dosage: PO 10-80mg a day
Assess: Diet, Cholesterol/triglyceride levels, hepatic studies, muscle pain
Give: Anytime during day w/o regard to meals
Evaluate: Decrease in cholesterol to goal level after 6wks
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Temazepam (Restoril)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Sedative- hypnotic
Produces CNS depression
Used for insomnia
Side Effects: Lethargy, Drowsiness, Daytime sedation
Adverse Reaction: Severe allergic reactions, Leukopenia
Contraindications: Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 7.5-30mg at bedtime
Assess: Mood status, blood studies (long term therapy)
Give: half an hour before bedtime, can be taken with food or on empty stomach for fast onset. Avoid taking with other CNS depressents
Evaluation: Ability to sleep at night
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Metformin (Glucophage)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antidiabetic
Inhibits hepatic glucose production & increases sensitivity of insulin in peripheral tissues
Used for Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Side Effects: Dizziness, weakness, drowsiness
Adverse Reactions: Heart Failure, Lactic Acidosis
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, Alcoholism, MI
Dosage: PO 500-2550mg a day
Assess: Hypoglycemic reactions, Hyperglycemic reactions (after meals) and CBC
Give: PO don't break,crush,chew. take 2 a day with meals
Evaluate: Blood glucose at normal level, decrease in polyuria, and polydipsia
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Cardiac drug
Makes Ca2+ available for heart contraction= increased cardiac output
Used for heart failure, A-fib, atrial tachycardia
Side Effects: Headache, Hypotension
Adverse Reactions: Dysrhythmias, AV block
Contraindications: Hypersensitvity, Ventricular Fibrillation and tachycardia
Dosage: PO and IV
Assess: Apical pulse, electrolytes, renal function studies
Give: don't break,crush,chew. with foods high in potassium if needed
Evaluate: decreased weight,edema,pulse,respiration, and increased urine output
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Anticoagulant
Interferes with blood clotting
Used for Arterial thromboembolism prophylaxis, strok, thrombosis prophylaxis
Side Effects: Fever, diarrhea, rash
Adverse Reactions: Hepatitis, Hematuria, Anaphylaxis
Contraindications: Pregnancy, Hypersensitivity, Hemophilia
Dosage: Tabs 1-10mg; Injection: 5.4mg
Assess: Blood studies frequently
Give: Take at same time everyday, take whole or crushed, avoid Intramuscular injections that could cause bleeding
Evlauate: Decrease of deep vein thrombosis
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Benzapril (Lotensin)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Antihypertensive
Supresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Used for hypertension
Side Effects: insomnia, headache, dizziness
Adverse Reactions: Angioedema
Contraindication: Pregnancy, children, Hypersensitivity
Dosage: PO 10-80mg daily
Assess: Blood studies, B/P, Renal studies, Edema
Give: Do Not disconintue abruptly
Evaluate: Decrease in B/P
(back of card) |
|
|
Term
Fuosemide (Lasix)
(front of card) |
|
Definition
Loop Diuretic
Inhibits reabsorption of Na+ & Cl- in Loop of Henle (in kidney)
Used for pulmonary edema, CHF, Hepatic disease, Hypertension
Side Effects: Low mineral/electrolyte levels, Hyperglycemia, Polyuria
Adverse Reactions: Circulatory collapse, renal failure, anemia
Contraindication: Lactation, Hypersensitivity, Anuria, Electrolyte depletion
Dosage: PO 20-80mg daily
Assess: Hearing, confusion, B/P, Respiration
Give: In AM to avoid sleep disturbance (Polyuria), and give with potassium
Evaluate: Improvement in edema, increase urine output, decrease B/P, and decrease Ca2+ levels
(back of card) |
|
|
