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Medical vocab
Just some vocab words for med surg
102
Medical
Undergraduate 2
09/21/2008

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Term
Aggrevate
Definition
to make worse, more serious, or more severe:  to produce inflammation in
Term
Albuminuria-
Definition
the presence of albumin in the urine
Term

Alopecia-              

Definition
 loss of hair
Term
Anaphylaxis-
Definition
        hypersensitivity (as to foreign proteins or drugs) resulting from sensitization following prior contact with the causative agent
Term
Anaphylactic shock-
Definition
 an often severe and sometimes fatal systemic reaction in a susceptible individual upon a second exposure to a specific antigen (as wasp venom or penicillin) after previous sensitization  that is characterized especially by respiratory symptoms, fainting, itching, and hives
Term
Anorexia
Definition
loss of appetite
Term
Ascites-   
Definition

         abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the spaces between tissues and organs in the cavity of the abdomen

Term
Ataxia-   
Definition
          an inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements that is symptomatic of some nervous disorders
Term
Brachytherapy-      
Definition
radiotherapy in which the source of radiation is placed (as by implantation) in or close to the area being treated
Term
Cachexia-
Definition
        general physical wasting and malnutrition usually associated with chronic disease
Term
Compromised-
Definition
       to cause the impairment of
Term
Dehiscence-
Definition
    the parting of the sutured lips of a surgical wound
Term
Dentition-
Definition
      1 : the development and cutting of teeth 2 : the character of a set of teeth especially with regard to their number, kind, and arrangement
Term
Diaphoresis- 
Definition
  Profuse perspiration
Term
Dysphagia- 
Definition
     Difficulty swallowing
Term
Dysphasia-  
Definition
    Loss of or deficiency in the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or disease of the brain
Term
Endogenous-
Definition

   1 : growing from or on the inside 

2 : caused by factors within the body 

Term
Euglycemia-  
Definition
  A normal level of sugar in the blood
Term
Evisceration- 
Definition
  Wound with intestine or organs protruding through the skin
Term
Exogenous-
Definition
growing from or on the outside
Term
Gastroparesis-
Definition
        partial paralysis of the stomach
Term
Glycosuria:
Definition
     the presence in the urine of abnormal amounts of sugar
Term
Gynecomastia:   
Definition
     excessive development of the breast in the male
Term
Hemostasis   
Definition

   1 : stoppage or sluggishness of blood flow 2 : the arrest of bleeding

Term
Hepatomegaly:      
Definition
 enlargement of the liver
Term
Hyperplasia:
Definition
   an abnormal or unusual increase in the elements composing a part (as cells composing a tissue)
Term
Iatrogenic:   
Definition
    induced inadvertently by a physician or surgeon or by medical treatment or diagnostic  procedures
Term
Icteric:
Definition
of, relating to, or affected with jaundice
Term
Idiopathic:  
Definition
     arising spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause
Term
Ischemic:
Definition
deficient supply of blood to a body part (as the heart or brain) that is due to obstruction of the inflow of arterial blood
Term
Lithotomy:
Definition
      surgical incision of the urinary bladder for removal of a calculus
Term
Necrotic:
Definition
 affected with, characterized by, or producing necrosis
Term
Neutropenia:
Definition
 leukopenia in which the decrease in white blood cells is chiefly in neutrophils
Term
Orthopnea:  
Definition
   difficulty in breathing that occurs when lying down and is relieved upon changing to an upright position (as in congestive heart failure)
Term
Pancytopenia:
Definition
        an abnormal reduction in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets in the blood
Term
Paracentesis:  
Definition
a surgical puncture of a bodily cavity with a trocar, aspirator, or other instrument usually to draw off an abnormal effusion for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
Term
Petechiae:   
Definition
    a minute reddish or purplish spot containing blood that appears in skin or mucous membrane as a result of localized hemorrhage
Term
Polydipsia:  
Definition
    excessive or abnormal thirst
Term
Polyphagia:  
Definition
   excessive appetite or eating
Term
Polyuria:
Definition
excessive secretion of urine
Term
Prone:  
Definition
lying face down
Term
Supine:
Definition
 Lying face up
Term
Prophylactic:
Definition
  guarding from or preventing the spread or occurrence of disease or infection
Term
Pruritis:  
Definition
Itching
Term
Purulent:    
Definition
     containing, consisting of, or being pus
Term
Radiotherapy:  
Definition
       the treatment of disease by means of radiation (as X-rays) -- called also radiation therapy,
Term
Retrograde:
Definition
    1 : characterized by retrogression
                2 : affecting a period immediately prior to a precipitating cause <retrograde amnesia>
                3 : occurring or performed in a direction opposite to the normal or forward direction
Term
Rhinitis:  
Definition
         inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose marked especially by rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and itching
Term
Sepsis:
Definition
            a systemic response typically to a serious usually localized infection (as of the abdomen or lungs)
Term
Spasm:
Definition
            an involuntary and abnormal contraction of muscle or muscle fibers or of a hollow organ  that consists largely of involuntary muscle fibers
Term
Stent
Definition
a short narrow metal or plastic tube often in the form of a mesh that is inserted into the lumen of an anatomical vessel (as an artery or bile duct) especially to keep a previously blocked passageway open
Term
Tinnitus:
Definition
 a sensation of noise (as a ringing or roaring) that is caused by a bodily condition (as a disturbance                 of the auditory nerve or wax in the ear)
Term
Uricemia:
Definition
        excess uric acid in the blood (as in gout)
Term

Viscous: 

Definition
having a glutinous consistency and the quality of sticking or adhering
Term
Xerostomia:
Definition
     abnormal dryness of the mouth due to insufficient secretions -- called also dry mouth
Term
IDDM:   
Definition
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Term
NIDDA:     
Definition
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Term
MRSA:  
Definition
 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus:
Term
PVD:
Definition
peripheral vascular disease
Term
Anastomosis
Definition

the surgical union of parts especially hollow tubular parts

Term
Anuria
Definition
Absence of urine formation or excretion
Term
Aphasia
Definition

loss or impairment of the power to use or comprehend words usually from brain damage

Term
Azotemia
Definition
Presence of increased amounts of nitrogenous waste products, esp. urea, in the blood
Term
Borborygmi
Definition

A rumbling sound made by the movement of gas in the intestine

Term
Colic
Definition

acute abdominal pain localized in a hollow organ or part, often cuased by spasm, obstruction or twisting

Term
Diffuse
Definition

Not concentrated or localized

 

scattered, spread

Term
Dysuria
Definition
Painful or difficult urination
Term
Epistaxis
Definition

Nosebleed

Term
Exacerbation
Definition

to cause (a disease or it's symptoms) to become more severe

Term
Exopthalmus
Definition
Abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Term
Fecalith
Definition
A concentration of dry compact feces formed in the intestine
Term
Fissure
Definition

A natural cleft between body parts or in the substance of an organ,

Term
Fistula
Definition
An abnormal tubelike passage from a normal cavity or tube to a free surface or to another cavity
Term
Fulguration
Definition
Destruction of tissue by means of long high-frequency electric sparks
Term
Halitosis
Definition
Offensive odor of the breath
Term
Hematemesis
Definition
Vomiting of blood
Term
Hematochezia
Definition
The passage of bright red blood in the stool
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
The expectoration of blood from some part of the respiratory tract
Term
Imminent
Definition
About to occur, impending
Term
Impediment
Definition
Something that impedes
Term
Incarcerated
Definition
Imprisoned, confined, constricted, and confined of blood flow
Term
Intussusception
Definition
The slipping of one part of an intestine into another part just below it (usually causing obstruction)
Term
Melena
Definition
Black tarry feces caused by the digestion of blood in the GI tract
Term
Myalgia
Definition
Tenderness or pain in the muscles
Term
Nocturia
Definition
Excessive or frequent urination after going to bed
Term
Oliguria
Definition
Urinary output of less than 400 ml/day
Term
Peristalsis
Definition
A progressive wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, esp. the alimentary canal
Term
Polyposis
Definition
Any disease resulting in the growth of multiple polyps
Term
Precipitate
Definition

To bring about abruptly

Term
Prosthesis
Definition
Replacement of a missing part by an artificial substitute, such as an extremity
Term
Ptosis
Definition
Dropping or drooping of an organ or part, as the upper eyelid from paralysis
Term
Pyuria
Definition
Pus in the urine
Term
Steatorrhea
Definition
Increased secretion of fat from the sebaceous glands of the skin
Term
Volvulus
Definition
A twisting of the bowel on itself, causing an obstruction
Term
CBI
Definition
Computer based instruction
Term
GERD
Definition
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Term
GFR
Definition
Glomerular filtration rate
Term
PUD
Definition
Peptic ulcer disease
Term
CKD
Definition
Chronic kidney disease
Term
CRF
Definition
Corticotropin-releasing factor
Term
ARF
Definition
Acute respiratory failure; Acute renal failure
Term
ESRD
Definition
End-stage renal disease
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