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Medical Terminology
A Short Course, 4th Edition, Unit 3
210
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
07/13/2009

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Term
acute
Definition
sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time
Term
aden/o
Definition
gland
Term
adenocarcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor derived from glandular cells
Term
adenoma
Definition
benign tumor of glandular cells
Term
adrenopathy
Definition
disease condition of the adrenal glands
Term
-al
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-algia
Definition
condition of pain, pain
Term
amni/o
Definition
amnion (sac of fluid surrounding the embryo)
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the amnion (sac surrounding the developing fetus)
Term
anastomosis
Definition
new surgical connection between two previously unconneced bowel parts, vessels, or ducts
Term
angi/o
Definition
vessel (usually a blood vessel)
Term
angiography
Definition
X-ray recording of blood vessels after contrast is injected
Term
angioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a blood vessel
Term
appendicitis
Definition
inflammation of the appendix
Term
-ar
Definition
pertaining to
Term
arteri/o
Definition
artery
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
hardening of arteries
Term
arthr/o
Definition
joint
Term
arthralgia
Definition
pain in a joint
Term
arthritis
Definition
inflammation of a joint
Term
arthrocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint
Term
arthropathy
Definition
disease of joints
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
hardening of arteries
Term
-ary
Definition
pertaining to
Term
ather/o
Definition
plaque (a yellow, fatty material)
Term
axill/o
Definition
armpit (underarm)
Term
axillary
Definition
pertaining to the armpit or underarm
Term
bronch/o
Definition
bronchial tube
Term
bronchi/o
Definition
bronchial tube
Term
bronchitis
Definition
inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Term
bronchoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the bronchial tubes
Term
bursa
Definition
small sac of fluid
Term
bursitis
Definition
inflammation of a small sac of fluid near a joint
Term
carcin/o
Definition
cancerous
Term
carcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor
Term
cardi/o
Definition
heart
Term
cardiomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the heart
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
disease of heart muscle
Term
cellulitis
Definition
inflammation of soft tissue under the skin
Term
-centesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid
Term
chem/o
Definition
drug (or chemical)
Term
chemotherapy
Definition
treatment with drugs
Term
cholecyst/o
Definition
gallbladder
Term
cholecystectomy
Definition
removal of the gallbladder
Term
chondrosarcoma
Definition
cancer of cartilage tissue
Term
chron/o
Definition
time
Term
chronic
Definition
lasting a long time
Term
col/o
Definition
colon (large intestine or bowel)
Term
colitis
Definition
inflammation of the colon
Term
colocolostomy
Definition
new surgical connection between two previously unconnected portions of the colon. This is an anastomosis
Term
colostomy
Definition
opening of the colon to the outside of the body
Term
crani/o
Definition
skull
Term
cranitomy
Definition
incision of the skull
Term
cry/o
Definition
cold
Term
cryotherapy
Definition
treatment using cold temperatures
Term
cyst/o
Definition
urinary bladder; also a sac of fluid or cyst
Term
cystitis
Definition
inflammation of the urinary bladder
Term
dermatitis
Definition
inflammation of the skin
Term
dialysis
Definition
complete separation of wastes (urea) from the blood when the kidneys fail
Term
-eal
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-ectomy
Definition
removal, resection, excision
Term
electr/o
Definition
electricity
Term
electroencephalography
Definition
process of recording the electricity in the brain
Term
-emia
Definition
blood condition
Term
encephal/o
Definition
brain
Term
encephalitis
Definition
inflammation of the brain
Term
encephalopathy
Definition
disease of the brain
Term
endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
Term
epiglottitis
Definition
inflammation of the epiglottis
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
erythrocytosis
Definition
abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of red blood cells
Term
esophag/o
Definition
esophagus (tube leading from the throat to the stomach
Term
esophageal
Definition
pertaining to the esophagus
Term
esophagitis
Definition
inflammation of the esophagus
Term
fibrosarcoma
Definition
cancer of fibrous tissue
Term
gastritis
Definition
inflammation of the stomach
Term
-gram
Definition
record
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
hem/o
Definition
blood
Term
hemat/o
Definition
blood
Term
hematoma
Definition
mass or collection of blood under the skin
Term
hematuria
Definition
abnormal condition of blood in the urine
Term
hemorrhage
Definition
bursting forth of blood
Term
hepat/o
Definition
liver
Term
hepatitis
Definition
inflammation of the liver
Term
hepatoma
Definition
malignant tumor of liver
Term
hepatomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the liver
Term
hepatopathy
Definition
disease condition of the liver
Term
hyster/o
Definition
uterus
Term
hysterectomy
Definition
excision of the uterus, either through the abdominal wall or through the vagina
Term
-ia
Definition
condition, disease
Term
-ic
Definition
pertaining to
Term
infarction
Definition
area of dead tissue (necrosis) caused by decreased blood flow to that part of the body
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin (area where the thigh meets the trunk of the body)
Term
inguinal
Definition
pertaining to the groin
Term
isch/o
Definition
to hold back
Term
ischemia
Definition
deficiency of blood flow to a part of the body, caused by narrowing or obstruction of blood vessels
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation
Term
lapar/o
Definition
abdomen (abdominal wall)
Term
laparoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the abdomen
Term
laparotomy
Definition
incision of the abdomen
Term
laryng/o
Definition
voice box (larynx)
Term
laryngitis
Definition
inflammation of the larynx
Term
laryngoscopy
Definition
visual examination of the interior of the voice box with an endoscope
Term
leiomyosarcoma
Definition
cancer of visceral muscle
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
leukemia
Definition
increase in malignant white blood cells in blood and bone marrow
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
slight increase in the numbers of normal white blood cells as a response to infection
Term
liposarcoma
Definition
cancer of fatty tissue
Term
lympadenopathy
Definition
disease condition of the lymph notes
Term
lymphoma
Definition
malignant tumor of lymph nodes
Term
-lysis
Definition
separation, breakdown, destruction
Term
mamm/o
Definition
breast (used with -ary, -graphy, -gram, and -plasty)
Term
mammary
Definition
pertaining to the breast
Term
mammogram
Definition
X-ray record of the breast
Term
mammography
Definition
process of making an x-ray recording of the breast
Term
mammoplasty
Definition
surgical repair (reconstruction) of the breast
Term
mast/o
Definition
breast (used with -ectomy, and -it is)
Term
mastectomy
Definition
removal (excision) of the breast
Term
-megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
melanoma
Definition
malignant tumor of pigmented cells in the skin
Term
men/o
Definition
menses (menstruation); month
Term
mening/o
Definition
meninges (membranes around the brain and spinal cord)
Term
meningitis
Definition
inflammation of the meninges (membranes around the brain and spinal cord)
Term
menorrhagia
Definition
excessive bleeding from the uterus during the time of menstruation
Term
menorrhea
Definition
normal discharge of blood and tissue from the uterine lining during menstruation
Term
mesothelioma
Definition
malignant tumor of pleural cells
Term
multiple myeloma
Definition
malignant tumor of bone marrow cells
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle
Term
myalgia
Definition
pain in the muscle or muscles
Term
myel/o
Definition
spinal cord (nervous tissue connected to the brain and located within the spinal column or backbone); in other terms, MYEL/O (as a prefix) means bone marrow (the soft, inner part of bones, where blood cells are made)
Term
myelogram
Definition
x-ray image of the spinal cord after contrast is injected within the membranes surrounding the spinal cord in the lumbar area of the back
Term
myeloma
Definition
malignant tumor originating in the bone marrow
Term
myocardial
Definition
pertaining to the muscle of the heart
Term
myoma
Definition
tumor (benign) of muscle
Term
myopathy
Definition
disease condition of the muscles
Term
myosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of muscle
Term
myositis
Definition
inflammation of the muscle
Term
necr/o
Definition
death (of cells)
Term
necrosis
Definition
death of cells
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney (used with all suffixes, EXCEPT -al and -gram; use REN/O with -al and -gram
Term
nephritis
Definition
inflatmmation of the kidney
Term
nephropathy
Definition
disease of the kidney
Term
nephrosis
Definition
abnormal condition of the kidney
Term
neur/o
Definition
nerve
Term
neuralgia
Definition
nerve pain
Term
neuritis
Definition
inflammation of the nerve
Term
neuropathy
Definition
disease condition of the nerves
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor, mass
Term
oophor/o
Definition
ovary
Term
oophorectomy
Definition
removal of an ovary or ovaries
Term
-osis
Definition
condition, abnormal condition
Term
oste/o
Definition
bone
Term
osteitis
Definition
inflammation of a bone
Term
osteogenic sarcoma
Definition
cancer of bone
Term
osteomyelitis
Definition
inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Term
osteopathy
Definition
disease condition of the bones
Term
ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
otalgia
Definition
pain in an ear
Term
otitis
Definition
inflammation of an ear
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease condition
Term
pelv/o
Definition
hip area
Term
pelvic
Definition
pertaining to the bones of the hip area
Term
peritone/o
Definition
peritoneum (membrane surround the organs in the the abdominal cavity)
Term
peritoneal
Definition
pertaining to the peritoneum
Term
pharyngitis
Definition
inflammation of throat
Term
phleb/o
Definition
vein
Term
phlebitis
Definition
inflammation of a vein
Term
phlebotomy
Definition
incision of a vein
Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair, or surgical correction
Term
pneumon/o
Definition
lung
Term
pneumonia
Definition
abnormal condition of the lungs marked by inflammation and collection of material within the air sacs of the lungs
Term
pulmon/o
Definition
lung
Term
pulmonary
Definition
pertaining to the lungs
Term
radi/o
Definition
x-rays
Term
radiotherapy
Definition
treatment of disease (cancer) with high-energy particles such as x-rays and protons
Term
ren/o
Definition
kidney (use with -al and -gram
Term
renal
Definition
pertaining to the kidney
Term
retinopathy
Definition
disease condition of the retina of the eye
Term
rhabdomy/o
Definition
skelatal muscle
Term
rhabdomyosarcoma
Definition
cancer of skelatal muscle
Term
rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
rhinoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the nose
Term
rhinorrhea
Definition
discharge from the nose
Term
-rrhage or -rrhagia
Definition
bursting forth of blood
Term
-rrhea
Definition
flow, discharge
Term
salping/o
Definition
fallopian (uterine) tube
Term
salpingectomy
Definition
removal of a fallopian tube
Term
salpingitis
Definition
inflammation of a fallopian tube
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh
Term
-sclerosis
Definition
hardening
Term
-scopy
Definition
process of visual examination
Term
septic/o
Definition
pertaining to infection
Term
septicemia
Definition
infection in the blood (blood poisoning)
Term
-stomy
Definition
opening
Term
-therapy
Definition
treatment
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
thoracentesis
Definition
surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid
Term
thrombophlebitis
Definition
inflammation of a vein with formation of clots
Term
thymoma
Definition
malignant tumor of the thymus gland (located in the mediastinum)
Term
-tomy
Definition
incision, to cut into
Term
tonsill/o
Definition
tonsil
Term
tonsillectomy
Definition
removal (excision) of a tonsil or tonsils
Term
trache/o
Definition
windpipe; trachea
Term
tracheostomy
Definition
opening of the trachea to the outside of the body
Term
ur/o
Definition
urine or urea (waste material); urinary tract
Term
uremia
Definition
abnormal condition of excessive amounts of urea in the bloodstream
Term
-uria
Definition
condition of urine
Term
vascul/o
Definition
blood vessel
Term
vascular
Definition
pertaining to blood vessels
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