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Medical Terminology
Musculoskeletal System-Part 1 Skeletal System
127
Medical
Undergraduate 3
09/14/2010
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Term
Ab-
 Definition
away from
Term
Meta-
 Definition
beyond
Term
poly-
 Definition
many, much
Term
sym- or syn-
 Definition
together, with
Term
ankyl/o
 Definition
stiff joint
Term
arthr/o
 Definition
joint
Term
articul/o
 Definition
joint
Term
burs/o
 Definition
sac, pouch
Term
carp/o
 Definition
wrist
Term
cervic/o
 Definition
neck
Term
chondr/o
 Definition
cartilage
Term
clavicul/o
 Definition
clavicle, collarbone
Term
coccyg/o
 Definition
coccyx, tailbone
Term
cost/o
 Definition
rib
Term
crani/o
 Definition
head, skull
Term
femor/o
 Definition
femur, thigh bone
Term
fibul/o
 Definition
fibula, smaller outer leg bone
Term
humer/o
 Definition
arm bone
Term
ili/o
 Definition
ilium, part of hipbone
Term
ischi/o
 Definition
ischium, part of hipbone
Term
kyph/o
 Definition
hump
Term
lord/o
 Definition
swayback, curve
Term
lumb/o
 Definition
loin, lowerback
Term
mandibul/o
 Definition
lower jaw
Term
maxill/o
 Definition
upper jawbone
Term
metacarp/o
 Definition
metacarpals, handbones
Term
metatars/o
 Definition
metatarsals, footbones
Term
myel/o
 Definition
bone marrow
Term
orth/o
 Definition
straight
Term
oste/o
 Definition
bone
Term
patell/o
 Definition
patella, kneecap
Term
ped/o
 Definition
foot
Term
pelv/o
 Definition
pelvis
Term
phalang/o
 Definition
bones of fingers and toes
Term
pub/o
 Definition
pubis, part of hipbone
Term
radi/o
 Definition
radius, lateral forearm bone
Term
sacr/o
 Definition
sacrum
Term
scapul/o
 Definition
scapula, shoulder blade
Term
scoli/o
 Definition
crooked, bent
Term
spondyl/o
 Definition
vertebrae, backbone
Term
stern/o
 Definition
sternum
Term
synovi/o
 Definition
synovial membrane
Term
tars/o
 Definition
ankle
Term
thorac/o
 Definition
chest
Term
tibi/o
 Definition
tibia, shin bone
Term
uln/o
 Definition
ulna, medial forearm bone
Term
vertebr/o
 Definition
vertebrae, backbone
Term
acr/o
 Definition
extremity, point
Term
dors/i
 Definition
backward
Term
duct
 Definition
to lead
Term
flex
 Definition
to bend
Term
ped/i or ped/o
 Definition
child or foot
Term
por
 Definition
passage
Term
-blast
 Definition
germ cell
Term
-cele
 Definition
hernia, tumor, swelling
Term
-centesis
 Definition
surgical puncture
Term
-cytes
 Definition
cells
Term
-omion
 Definition
shoulder
Term
-plasty
 Definition
surgical repair
Term
-clasia
 Definition
to break surgically
Term
-desis
 Definition
to stabilize, fuse
Term
-listhesis
 Definition
slipping
Term
-porosis
 Definition
porous
Term
-tome
 Definition
instrument to cut
Term
How many bones in the adult human body?
 Definition
206
Term
2 divisions of human skeleton
 Definition
Axial, Appendicular
Term
bones in the axial skeleton
 Definition
80
Term
cranial bones
 Definition
8, Sphenoid, Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Ethmoid, Temporal
Term
facial bones
 Definition
14, nasal, maxillae, zygomatic, vomer, inferior nasal conchae, mandible, larcimal, palatine
Term
Ribs
 Definition
24
Term
Vertebrae
 Definition
24
Term
Other 10 Bones?
 Definition
6 Auditory Ossicles, Sternum, Hyoid, Sacrum, and Coccyx
Term
appendicular skeleton
 Definition
126 bones
Term
upper extremity
 Definition
clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges
Term
lower extremity
 Definition
os coxae, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
Term
Os coxae
 Definition
hip bone, made up of ilium , ischium, and pubis
Term
Bone projections and depressions
 Definition
provide places for muscle attachment
Term
process
 Definition
used when discussing bony projections
Term
depressions
 Definition
allow one bone to join to another for transport or nerves and blood vessels
Term
most common depressions
 Definition
sinus(hollow cavity within bone)
foramen(hole or opening)
fossa(shallow cavity or depression)
fissure(deep groove or slit-like opening)
Term
head
 Definition
large rounded end of long bone, seperated by neck
Term
condyle
 Definition
round end of bone, not seperated by neck (flares out)
Term
epicondyle
 Definition
projection above or on a condyle
Term
trochanter
 Definition
large blunt process on femur for attachment of muscles
Term
tubercle
 Definition
small rounded process
Term
tuberosity
 Definition
large, rounded process that is typically rough
Term
ossification
 Definition
process of formation of bone tissue before birth
Term
osteoblasts v osteoclasts
 Definition
-blasts build bone, -clasts break down bone
Term
4 categories of bones
 Definition
long, short, flat, irregular
Term
diaphysis
 Definition
growing to or between
Term
epiphysis
 Definition
growing over or upon
Term
endosteum
 Definition
within bone
Term
periosteum
 Definition
around bone
Term
long bones:
central shaft
 Definition
diaphysis
Term
long bones:
wide end
 Definition
epiphysis
Term
long bones:
connective tissue membrane
 Definition
periosteum
Term
bone of ends of long bone
v.
bone of shaft of long bones
 Definition
spongy
v.
compact
Term
Cancellous bone
 Definition
Spongy bone
Term
what fills spaces of spongy bone?
 Definition
red bone marrow
Term
Compact bone
 Definition
found in the shaft, dense
Term
AE
 Definition
above elbow
Term
AK
 Definition
above knee
Term
BE
 Definition
below elbow
Term
BK
 Definition
below knee
Term
CTS
 Definition
carpal tunnel syndrome
Term
FX or Fx
 Definition
fracture
Term
JRA
 Definition
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Term
LE
 Definition
lower extremity
Term
LLE
 Definition
left lower extremity
Term
LUE
 Definition
left upper extremity
Term
jt
 Definition
joint
Term
OA
 Definition
osteoarthritis
Term
Ortho
 Definition
orthopedics
Term
RA
 Definition
rheumatoid arthritis
Term
RLE
 Definition
right lower extremity
Term
RUE
 Definition
right upper extremity
Term
THA
 Definition
total hip arthroplasty
Term
THR
 Definition
total hip replacement
Term
TKA
 Definition
total knee arthoplasty
Term
TKR
 Definition
total knee replacement
Term
TX or Tx
 Definition
treatment
Term
UE
 Definition
upper extremity
Term
3 types of joints
 Definition
Synovial, cartilaginous, and fibrous
Term
freely moving joints
 Definition
synovial
Term
lubricating fluid of synovial joints
 Definition
synovial fluid
Term
capsule
 Definition
elastic joints that enclose synovial joints
Term
bursae
 Definition
sac-like cavities that protect synovial membrane
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