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Medical Terminology
Urinary and Male Reproductive Terms
75
Medical
Undergraduate 1
04/22/2007

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Cards

Term
glomerulus
Definition
tightly coiled capillary in the beginning of each nephron
Term
nephron
Definition
functional unit of the kidney: where filtration takes place
Term
renal pelvis
Definition
membrane-enclosed basin - collects urine in the interior of a kidney
Term
ureters
Definition
spaghetti-size tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Term
urethra
Definition
drains urine from the floor of the bladder to the exterior of the body
Term
urinary bladder
Definition
stores urine until it's excreted
Term
micturition
Definition
the release of urine to the exterior
Term
albuminuria/proteinuria
Definition
presence of albumin in the urine (protein - usually in the blood)
Term
anuresis
Definition
inability to pass urine
Term
anuria
Definition
absence of urine
Term
azotemia/uremia
Definition
abnormally high urea/other nitrogenous compounds in the blood
Term
bacteriuria
Definition
bacterial presence in the urine
Term
diuresis
Definition
condition of urine passing (usually excessively)
Term
dysuria
Definition
difficulty or pain in urination
Term
enuresis
Definition
to void urine - also, bed-wetting
Term
glycosuria
Definition
sugar in the urine
Term
hematuria
Definition
blood in the urine
Term
nocturia
Definition
urination at night
Term
oliguria
Definition
reduced urination
Term
polyuria
Definition
excessive urination
Term
pyuria
Definition
presence of pus in the urine
Term
cystitis
Definition
urinary bladder inflammation
Term
cystocele
Definition
urinary bladder protrusion
Term
glomerulonephritis
Definition
glomeruli inflammation (inside the kidney)
Term
hydronephrosis
Definition
condition of water in a kidney
Term
hypospadias
Definition
congenital defect - urinary meatus opens on underside of penis/within vagina
Term
incontinence
Definition
involuntary urine discharge
Term
nephritis
Definition
kidney inflammation
Term
nephrolithiasis
Definition
presence of kidney stones
Term
nephroptosis
Definition
drooped kidney position
Term
pyelonephritis
Definition
renal pelvis and neuron inflammation
Term
ureteritis
Definition
ureter inflammation
Term
urinary tract infection (UTI)
Definition
infection of urinary organs
Term
cystectomy
Definition
urinary bladder excision
Term
cystoscopy
Definition
use of a modified endoscope to visually examine the bladder
Term
hemodialysis
Definition
removes nitrogenous wastes/excess ions from the blood (procedure)
Term
lithotripsy
Definition
surgical technique for crushing stones
Term
nephrectomy
Definition
kidney excision
Term
nephropexy
Definition
surgical fixation of an abnormally mobile kidney
Term
peritoneal dialysis
Definition
toxic wastes are removed from the peritoneal cavity by artificial filtration
Term
urinalysis
Definition
clinical lab tests performed on a urine specimen
Term
epididymis
Definition
tightly coiled tubule that transports sperm from the testis to the vas deferens
Term
penis
Definition
the male external genital organ
Term
prostate gland
Definition
surrounds the urethra and secretes a milky alkaline fluid that contributes to semen
Term
semen
Definition
ejaculatory fluid - sperm cells and secretions
Term
sperm cells
Definition
male gametes
Term
testis
Definition
the male gonad
Term
vas deferens
Definition
conveys sperm cells from the epididymis to the urethra
Term
perineum
Definition
the external region between the scrotum and the anus
Term
aspermia
Definition
inability to produce or ejaculate sperm
Term
oligospermia
Definition
abnormally low sperm count (male infertility)
Term
urethritis
Definition
urethra inflammation
Term
anorchism
Definition
absence of one or both testes
Term
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
Definition
nonmalignant, excessive growth of the prostate gland
Term
chlamydia
Definition
the most common bacteria-caused STD in North America
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
condition of undescended testis
Term
epididymitis
Definition
epididymus inflammation
Term
erectile dysfunction
Definition
inability to achieve or sustain an erection sufficient to perform copulation
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
STD causes ulcer-like lesions on mucous membranes and skin of genital region - characterized by urethral discharge
Term
hydrocele
Definition
swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation
Term
orchitis
Definition
testis inflammation
Term
Peyronie's disease
Definition
hardness of erectile tissue within the penis - results in penis curvature
Term
phimosis
Definition
congenital prepuce opening narrowing - prevents it from being drawn back over the glans penis
Term
priapism
Definition
an abnormally persistent erection (drug overdose)
Term
prostatitis
Definition
prostate gland inflammation
Term
varicocele
Definition
abnormal spermatic cord vein dilation
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical prepuce removal
Term
digital rectal exam
Definition
inserting a finger into the rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland through the rectal wall
Term
orchidectomy
Definition
testis excision
Term
orchidopexy
Definition
surgical testis fixation
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
prostate gland excision
Term
vasectomy
Definition
partial vas deferens excision
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
reconnecting the ends severed in a vasectomy
Term
human papilloma virus (HPV)/condyloma acuminatum
Definition
an STD that causes wart-like lesions
Term
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
Definition
resectioning prostate tissue using a retroscope inserted through the urethra
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