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DocMedTerm10/09/12
Medical Terminology
152
Medical
Undergraduate 1
10/09/2012
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Term
CNS
 Definition
central nervous system- Brain and Spinal cord
Term
PNS
 Definition
peripheral nervous system- cranial and spinal nerves
Term
Sensory Nerves (afferent)
 Definition
bring messages toward the brain
Term
Motor Nerves (efferent)
 Definition
carry messages away from the brain
Term
Acetylcholine
 Definition
neurotransmitter in synapse
Term
arachnoid membrane
 Definition
middle spider membrane
Term
Astrocyte
 Definition
glial cell transports water and salt
Term
Autonomic nervous system
 Definition
involuntary nerves
Term
Axon
 Definition
fiber that carries nerve impulse
Term
blood-brain barrier
 Definition
capillaries that protect brain
Term
Brainstem
 Definition
lower portion connects pons and medulla
Term
cauda equina
 Definition
horse tail- end of spinal nerves
Term
cell body
 Definition
contains nucleus
Term
cerebellum
 Definition
posterior part/ muscle movement
Term
cerebral cortex
 Definition
outer region cerebrum (gray matter)
Term
CSF
 Definition
cerebrospinal fluid- fluid that circulates
Term
cerebrum
 Definition
brain for vision, speech taste, hearing, thought and memory(largest portion)
Term
Dendrite
 Definition
1st part to recieve nerve impulse
Term
dura mater
 Definition
outermost meninges
Term
ependymal cell
 Definition
lines brain and spinal cord
Term
ganglion/ganglia
 Definition
nerve cells in PNS
Term
glial cell or neurglial cell
 Definition
support and collect
Term

Gyrus

 

 Definition
sheet around cerebral cortex
Term
Hypothalamus
 Definition
controls sleep, appetite. b. temp, pit.
Term
medulla oblongata
 Definition
above spinal cord: controls breathing, heart rate, blood vessels, nerves cross over
Term
meninges
 Definition
3 protective membranes
Term
microglial cell
 Definition
glial cell that removes waste
Term
motor nerve
 Definition
impulses away from brain
Term
myelin sheath
 Definition
white fatty tissue that covers axon
Term
nerve
 Definition
macroscopic collections of axons and dendrites
Term
neuron
 Definition
nerve cell that carries impulses
Term
neurotransmitter
 Definition
chemical messenger
Term
oligodendroglial cell
 Definition
glial cell that forms myelin sheath
Term
parasympathetic nerves
 Definition
involuntary, HR, breath, GI
Term
parenchyma
 Definition
essential unique tissue-organ system
Term
pia mater
 Definition
delicate inner membrane
Term
plexus
 Definition
network of nerves
Term
pons
 Definition
bridge medulla and brain
Term
receptor
 Definition
receives nerves stimuli
Term
sciatic nerve
 Definition
spine down thigh
Term
sensory nerve
 Definition
carries to brain and spine
Term
spinal nerves
 Definition
31 pairs from cord
Term
stimulus/stimuli
 Definition
agent of change (light sound)
Term
stroma
 Definition
glial cells stromal tissue connect/support
Term
sulcus
 Definition
groove in cortex
Term

sympathetic nerves

 

 Definition
involuntary
Term
synapse
 Definition
space between nerve cells
Term
thalamus
 Definition
main relay of brain
Term
vagus nerve
 Definition
10 cranial N
Term
ventricles of the brain
 Definition
canals in brain
Term
cerebell/o
 Definition
cerebellum
Term
cerebr/o
 Definition
cerebrum
Term
dur/o
 Definition
dura mater
Term
encephal/o
 Definition
brain
Term
gli/o
 Definition
glial cells
Term
sulci
 Definition
depresses in between the fold of the brain
Term
gyri
 Definition
sheaths of the dyra or folds of the brain
Term
lept/o
 Definition
thin, slender
Term
mening/o
 Definition
membranes
Term
meningi/o
 Definition
meninges
Term
my/o
 Definition
muscle
Term
myel/o
 Definition
spinal cord
Term
neur/o
 Definition
nerve
Term
pont/o
 Definition
pons
Term
radicul/o
 Definition
nerve root
Term
thalam/o
 Definition
thalamus
Term
thec/o
 Definition
sheath (refers to the meninges)
Term
vag/o
 Definition
vagus nerve
Term
alges/o, -algesia
 Definition
excessive sensitivity to pain
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
caus/o
 Definition
burning
Term
comat/o
 Definition
deep sleep
Term
esthesi/o, -eshtesia
 Definition
feeling, nervous sensation
Term
kines/o, -kinesia
 Definition
movement
Term
-kinesis, kinetic
 Definition
movement
Term
-lepsy
 Definition
seizure
Term
lex/o
 Definition
word, phrase
Term
-paresis
 Definition
slight paralysis
Term
-phasia
 Definition
speech
Term
-plegia
 Definition
paralysis
Term
-praxia
 Definition
action
Term

-sthenia

 

 Definition
strength
Term
syncop/o
 Definition
cut off
Term
tax/o
 Definition
order, coordination
Term
AD
 Definition
alzheimer disease
Term
AFP
 Definition
alpha-fetoprotein
Term
ALS
 Definition
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Term
AVM
 Definition
arteriovenous malformation
Term
CT
 Definition
computed tomography
Term

CVA

 

 Definition
cerebrovascular accident
Term
EEG
 Definition
electroencephalogram
Term
GABA
 Definition
gamma-aminobutyric acid (neurotransmitter)
Term
ICP
 Definition
intracranial pressure; normal pressure is 5-15 mmHG
Term
LP*
 Definition
lumbar puncture- puntcure in the lumbar to test for differnt diseases
Term
MAC
 Definition
monitored anesthetic care
Term
MG
 Definition
myasthenia gravis
Term
MRA
 Definition
magnetic resonance angiography
Term
MRI
 Definition
magnetic resonance imaging
Term
1/2 P
 Definition
hemiparesis
Term
PCA
 Definition
patient-controlled anesthesia
Term
PET
 Definition
positron emission tomography
Term

Sz

 

 Definition
seizure
Term
TBI
 Definition
traumatic brain injury
Term
TENS
 Definition
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Term
TIA
 Definition
transient ischemic attack
Term
TLE
 Definition
temporal lobe epilepsy
Term
tPA
 Definition
tissue plasminogen activator
Term
alges/o
 Definition
sensitivity to pain
Term
angi/o
 Definition
vessel, blood
Term

caus/o

 

 Definition
burn burning
Term
cephal/o
 Definition
head
Term
crani/o
 Definition
skull
Term
cry/o
 Definition
cold
Term
esthesi/o
 Definition
nervous sensation
Term
gli/o
 Definition
glue
Term
hydro/o
 Definition
water
Term
lept/o
 Definition
thin slender
Term
lex/o
 Definition
word phrase
Term
narc/o
 Definition
sleep
Term
olig/o
 Definition
scanty
Term
syncop/o
 Definition
cut off
Term
troph/o
 Definition
nourishment
Term
leptomeningeal
 Definition

pertaining to a membrane that is thin or slender

 
Term
Polio/myel/itis
 Definition
inflammation of the spinal cord grey area
Term
intrathecal
 Definition
pertaining to the sheath inside
Term
dyslexia
 Definition
condition of difficult wording or phrasing
Term
neurostenia
 Definition
strength of the nerve
Term
ataxia
 Definition
without coordination
Term
syncopal
 Definition
pertaining to cutting off
Term
Thrombotic CVA
 Definition
blood clot in artery leading to the brian
Term
Embolic CVA
 Definition
dislodged clot that travels to cerebral arteries
Term
Hemorrhagic CVA
 Definition
a blood vessel, such as the cerebral artery breaks, and bleeding occurs
Term
Migraine
 Definition
severe, recurring, unitlateral, vacular headache
Term
glioblastoma
 Definition
tumor of an immature glial cell, multiforme
Term
dopamine
 Definition
neurotransmitter
Term
aura
 Definition
sensation or feeling patient has right before a seizure
Term
Pallative
 Definition
treating the symptoms not the disease
Term
occlusion
 Definition
blockage
Term
tonic-clonic
 Definition
complete loss of control in a seizure, major epileptic seizure
Term
TIA
 Definition
interuption of blood supply to the brain or mini stroke
Term
Herpes zoster
 Definition
causes chicken pox or shingles
Term
Petite Mal seizure
 Definition
minor seizure, more just strange feelings.
Term
encephalitis
 Definition
inflammation of the brain
Term
meningomyelocele
 Definition
meninges herniat into the spinal cord
Term
radiculopothy
 Definition
disease of the nerve root
Term
causalgia
 Definition
burning pain
Term
paresthesia
 Definition
abnormal sensation or nerve
Term
hyperkinesia
 Definition
excessieve movement
Term
hemiparesia
 Definition
slight one sided paralysis
Term
hemiplegia
 Definition
half sided paralysis
Term
praxia
 Definition
action
Term
poliomyelitis
 Definition
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