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Medical Terminology - MSHA
Medical terms - Chabner
470
Medical
Graduate
01/23/2012

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Cards

Term
aden/o
Definition
gland
Term
adenoma
Definition
tumor of a gland
Term
-oma
Definition
tumor or mass; collection of blood
Term
adenitis
Definition
inflammation of a gland
Term
-itis
Definition
inflammation
Term
arthr/o
Definition
joint
Term
arthritis
Definition
inflammation of a joint
Term
bi/o
Definition
life
Term
biology
Definition
study of life
Term
biopsy
Definition
the process of viewing life
Term
-opsy
Definition
the process of viewing
Term
carcin/o
Definition
cancerous, cancer / malignant
Term
carcinoma
Definition
malignant tumor of epithelial tissue
Term
cardi/o
Definition
heart
Term
cardiology
Definition
study of the heart
Term
cephal/o
Definition
head
Term
cephalic
Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
cerebr/o
Definition
cerebrum (largest part of the brain
Term
cerebral
Definition
pert. to the cerebrum
Term
cis/o
Definition
to cut
Term
incision
Definition
process to cut into
Term
excision
Definition
process to cut out
Term
ex-
Definition
out
Term
in-
Definition
into
Term
-ion
Definition
process
Term
crin/o
Definition
to secrete (to form and give off)
Term
endocrine glands
Definition
to secrete within glands
Term
endo-
Definition
within
Term
cyst/o
Definition
urinary bladder; a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid)
Term
cystoscopy
Definition
process of visually examining the urinary bladder
Term
-scopy
Definition
visual examination
Term
-y
Definition
process
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
cytology
Definition
study of the cell
Term
derm/o
Definition
skin
Term
dermatitis
Definition
inflammation of the skin
Term
dermat/o
Definition
skin
Term
hypodermic
Definition
pert. to under the skin
Term
hypo-
Definition
under or below
Term
-logy
Definition
study of
Term
electr/o
Definition
electricity
Term
electrocardiogram
Definition
record of the electricity of the heart
Term
-gram
Definition
record
Term
encephal/o
Definition
brain
Term
electroencephalogram
Definition
record of the electricity of the brain
Term
enter/o
Definition
intestines (usually the small intestine)
Term
enteritis
Definition
inflammation of the small intestine
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
erythrocyte
Definition
red blood cells
Term
-cyte
Definition
cell
Term
gastr/o
Definition
stomach
Term
gastrectomy
Definition
removal of all or parts of the stomach
Term
-ectomy
Definition
excision or removal
Term
gastrotomy
Definition
cutting into the stomach
Term
-tom
Definition
to cut (-tomy - process of cutting into)
Term
glyc/o
Definition
sugar
Term
hyperglycemia
Definition
high blood sugar
Term
hyper-
Definition
excessive, above or more than normal
Term
-emia
Definition
blood condition
Term
gnos/o
Definition
knowledge
Term
diagnosis
Definition
state of complete knowledge
Term
dia-
Definition
complete
Term
-sis
Definition
state or condition of
Term
prognosis
Definition
condition of before knowledge; knowledge before
Term
pro-
Definition
before
Term
gynec/o
Definition
woman, female
Term
gynecology
Definition
study of the female
Term
hemat/o
Definition
blood
Term
hematology
Definition
study of blood
Term
hem/o
Definition
blood
Term
hematoma
Definition
tumor/collection of blood
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
blood protein
Term
hepat/o
Definition
liver
Term
hepatitis
Definition
inflammation of the liver
Term
iatr/o
Definition
treatment, physician
Term
iatrogenic
Definition
pert. to cause by treatment
Term
-genic
Definition
pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
leukocyte
Definition
white blood cell
Term
log/o
Definition
study of
Term
dermatology
Definition
study of skin
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney
Term
nephritis
Definition
inflammation of the kidney
Term
nephrology
Definition
study of the kidney
Term
neur/o
Definition
nerve
Term
neurology
Definition
study of nerves
Term
onc/o
Definition
tumor (cancer)
Term
oncology
Definition
study of cancer
Term
oncologist
Definition
cancer specialist
Term
-ist
Definition
one who specializes in a field
Term
ophthalm/o
Definition
eye
Term
ophthalmoscope
Definition
instrument used to examine eyes
Term
-scope
Definition
an instrument for visual examination
Term
oste/o
Definition
bone
Term
osteitis
Definition
inflammation of bone
Term
osteoarthritis
Definition
inflammation of bone and joint
Term
path/o
Definition
disease
Term
pathology
Definition
study of diseases
Term
pathologist
Definition
specialist in the study of diseases
Term
ped/o
Definition
child
Term
pediatric
Definition
pert. to treatment of children
Term
psych/o
Definition
mind
Term
psychology
Definition
study of the mind
Term
psychiatrist
Definition
specialist in the treatment of the mind
Term
radi/o
Definition
x-rays
Term
radiology
Definition
study of x-rays
Term
ren/o
Definition
kidney
Term
renal
Definition
pert. to the kidney
Term
rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
rhinitis
Definition
inflammation of the nose
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh
Term
sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of connective tissue (flesh)
Term
sect/o
Definition
to cut
Term
resection
Definition
the process of cutting out
Term
re-
Definition
back
Term
thromb/o
Definition
clot, clotting
Term
thrombocyte
Definition
clotting cells
Term
ur/o
Definition
urinary tract, urine
Term
urology
Definition
study of the urinary tract
Term
-ac
Definition
pertaining to
Term
cardiac
Definition
pert. to the heart
Term
-al
Definition
pertaining to
Term
neural
Definition
pert. to nerves
Term
-algia
Definition
pain
Term
arthralgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
neuralgia
Definition
nerve pain
Term
erythrocyte
Definition
red blood cell
Term
nephrectomy
Definition
removal of the kidney
Term
leukemia
Definition
white blood cell condition
Term
carcinogenic
Definition
pertaining to causing cancer
Term
pathogenic
Definition
pert. to producing disease
Term
iatrogenic
Definition
produced by treatment
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
blood protein
Term
-gram
Definition
record
Term
-globin
Definition
protein
Term
electroencephalogram
Definition
record of the electricity of the brain
Term
-ic, -ical
Definition
pertaining to
Term
gastric
Definition
pert. to the stomach
Term
neurologic
Definition
pert. to the study of nerves
Term
-ist
Definition
specialist
Term
ophthalmologist
Definition
eye specialist
Term
cystitis
Definition
inflammation of the urinary bladder
Term
-logy
Definition
process of study
Term
endocrinology
Definition
process of study of secreting within
Term
hepatoma
Definition
malignant tumor of the liver
Term
-opsy
Definition
process of viewing
Term
-osis
Definition
condition, usually abnormal (slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)
Term
nephrosis
Definition
condition of the kidney
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
condition of white blood cells
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease condition
Term
enteropathy
Definition
disease condition of the small intestine
Term
adenopathy
Definition
disease condition of a gland
Term
-scope
Definition
instrument to visually examine
Term
endoscope
Definition
instrument to visually examine within
Term
-scopy
Definition
process of visually examining with an endoscope
Term
endoscopy
Definition
process of visually examining with an endoscope within
Term
-sis
Definition
state of; condition
Term
prognosis
Definition
condition of knowledge before
Term
osteotomy
Definition
process of cutting bone
Term
gastroenterology
Definition
process of studying the stomach and small intestine
Term
a- an-
Definition
no, not, without
Term
anemia
Definition
without blood
Term
aut- auto-
Definition
self, own
Term
autopsy
Definition
process of viewing by oneself
Term
dia-
Definition
through, complete
Term
diagnosis
Definition
state of complete knowledge
Term
end- endo-
Definition
within
Term
endocrinologist
Definition
specialist in studying secretion within
Term
epi-
Definition
above, upon
Term
epigastric
Definition
pert. to above the stomach
Term
epidermis
Definition
pert. to upon the skin
Term
ex- exo-
Definition
out, outside of, outward
Term
exocrine gland
Definition
a gland that secretes out
Term
hyperthyroidism
Definition
condition of the thyroid that has more than normal (secretion)
Term
hypo-
Definition
deficient, below, under, less than normal
Term
hypogastric
Definition
below the stomach
Term
hypoglycemia
Definition
blood condition with deficiency of sugar
Term
peri-
Definition
surrounding, around
Term
pericardium
Definition
a structure/membrane surrounding the heart
Term
-um
Definition
a structure
Term
pro-
Definition
before, forward
Term
prostate gland
Definition
gland standing before the urinary bladder
Term
re-
Definition
back, backward, again
Term
resection
Definition
to cut back
Term
retro-
Definition
behind
Term
retrocardiac
Definition
pert. to behind the heart
Term
sub-
Definition
below, under
Term
subhepatic
Definition
pert. to under the liver
Term
trans-
Definition
across, through
Term
transhepatic
Definition
pert. to through the liver
Term
anabolism
Definition
process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple materials. Occurs w/i endoplasmic reticulum and takes place on ribosomes
Term
catobolism
Definition
process of breaking down complex materials ( food) to form simpler substances and release energy
Term
cell membrane
Definition
structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves cell
Term
chromosomes
Definition
rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cell except for the egg and sperm cells, which contain only 23 individual, unpaired chromosomes
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
all the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane
Term
DNA
Definition
chemical found within each chromosome. Arranged like a sequence of recipes in code, it directs the activities of the cell
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
structure (canals) within the cytoplasm. Site in which large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces.
Term
genes
Definition
regions of DNA within each chromosome
Term
karyotype
Definition
picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell. The chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine the number and structure
Term
metabolism
Definition
the total of the chemical processes in a cell. It includes catabolism and anabolism
Term
mitochondria
Definition
structures in the cytoplasm in which foods are burned to release energy. Catabolism takes place in mitochondria
Term
nucleus
Definition
control center of the cell. it contains chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell
Term
adipose tissue
Definition
collection of fat cells
Term
cartilage
Definition
flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints
Term
epithelial cells
Definition
skin cells that cover the external body surface and line internal surfaces of organs
Term
histologist
Definition
specialist in the study of tissues
Term
larynx
Definition
voice box
Term
pharynx
Definition
throat. serves as common passageway for food and air
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
endocrine gland at the base of the brain
Term
thyroid gland
Definition
endocrine gland that surrounds the trachea in the neck
Term
trachea
Definition
wind pipe
Term
ureter
Definition
one of two tubes, each leading from a single kidney to the urinary bladder
Term
urethra
Definition
tube from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Term
uterus
Definition
the womb. Holds the embryo/fetus as it develops
Term
viscera
Definition
internal organs
Term
abdomin/o
Definition
abdomen
Term
abdominal
Definition
pert. to the abdomen
Term
adip/o
Definition
fat
Term
adipose
Definition
pert. to or full of fat
Term
anter/o
Definition
front
Term
anterior
Definition
pert. to the front
Term
bol/o
Definition
to cast (throw)
Term
anabolism
Definition
the process of throwing up
Term
cervic/o
Definition
neck (of the body or of the uterus)
Term
cervical
Definition
pert. to the neck or of the uterus
Term
chondr/o
Definition
cartilage
Term
chondroma
Definition
benign tumor of cartilage (connective tissue)
Term
chondrosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of the cartilage (connective tissue)
Term
coccyg/o
Definition
coccyx (tailbone)
Term
coccygeal
Definition
pert. to the coccyx
Term
crani/o
Definition
skull
Term
craniotomy
Definition
process of cutting the skull
Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
formation of cells
Term
-plasm
Definition
formation
Term
dist/o
Definition
far, distant
Term
distal
Definition
pert. to distant
Term
dors/o
Definition
back portion of the body
Term
dorsal
Definition
pert. to the back portion of the body
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
histology
Definition
study of tissue
Term
ili/o
Definition
ilium (part of the pelvic bone)
Term
iliac
Definition
pert. to the ilium
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin
Term
inguinal
Definition
pert. to the groin
Term
kary/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
karyotype
Definition
classification or picture of the nucleus
Term
-type
Definition
classification or picture
Term
later/o
Definition
side
Term
lateral
Definition
pert. to the side
Term
lumb/o
Definition
lower back (side and back b/t the ribs and the pelvis)
Term
lumbosacral
Definition
pert. to the lower back and the sacrum
Term
medi/o
Definition
middle
Term
medial
Definition
pert. to the middle
Term
nucle/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
nucleic
Definition
pert. to the nucleus
Term
pelv/i
Definition
pelvis/hip region
Term
pelvic
Definition
pert. to the pelvis
Term
poster/o
Definition
back, behind
Term
posterior
Definition
pert. to the back
Term
proxim/o
Definition
nearest
Term
proximal
Definition
pert. to the nearest
Term
sacr/o
Definition
sacrum
Term
sacral
Definition
pert. to the sacrum
Term
sarc/o
Definition
flesh
Term
sarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of connective tissue (flesh)
Term
spin/o
Definition
spine, backbone
Term
spinal
Definition
pert. to the spine
Term
thel/o
Definition
nipple
Term
epithelial cell
Definition
cell pert. to upon the nipple or internal organs
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
thoracic
Definition
pert. to the chest
Term
trache/o
Definition
trachea, windpipe
Term
tracheal
Definition
pert. to the trachea
Term
umbilic/o
Definition
navel, umbilicus
Term
umbilical
Definition
pert. to the navel
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly side of the body
Term
ventral
Definition
pert. to the belly side of the body
Term
vertebr/o
Definition
vertebra(e), backbone(s)
Term
vertebral
Definition
pert. to the vertebra
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs
Term
visceral
Definition
pert. to the internal organs
Term
ana-
Definition
up
Term
anabolic
Definition
to throw/cast up
Term
cata-
Definition
down
Term
catabolism
Definition
process of throwing/casting/breaking down
Term
epi-
Definition
above
Term
epigastric
Definition
pert. to above the stomach
Term
hypo-
Definition
below
Term
hypochondriac region
Definition
pert. to the region below the cartilage
Term
inter-
Definition
between
Term
intervertebral
Definition
pert. to between the vertebrae
Term
meta-
Definition
change
Term
metabolism
Definition
process of casting change
Term
-somes
Definition
bodies
Term
acr/o
Definition
extremities, top, extreme point
Term
acu/o
Definition
sharp, severe, sudden
Term
amni/o
Definition
amnion (sac surrounding embryo of uterus)
Term
angi/o
Definition
vessel
Term
arteri/o
Definition
artery
Term
axill/o
Definition
armpit
Term
bi/o
Definition
life
Term
blephar/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
bronch/o
Definition
bronchial tubes
Term
chem/o
Definition
drug, chemical
Term
chron/o
Definition
time
Term
col/o
Definition
colon
Term
hydr/o
Definition
water
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin
Term
isch/o
Definition
to hold back
Term
lapar/o
Definition
abdomen, abdomen wall
Term
laryng/o
Definition
larynx
Term
lymph/o
Definition
lymph
Term
mamm/o
Definition
breast
Term
mast/o
Definition
breast
Term
morph/o
Definition
shape, form
Term
muc/o
Definition
mucus
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle
Term
myel/o
Definition
spinal cord, bone marrow
Term
necr/o
Definition
death (of cells or whole body)
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney
Term
neutr/o
Definition
neutrophil
Term
oste/o
Definition
bone
Term
ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
path/o
Definition
disease
Term
peritone/o
Definition
peritoneum
Term
phag/o
Definition
to eat, swallow
Term
phleb/o
Definition
vein
Term
plas/o
Definition
formation, development
Term
pleur/o
Definition
pleura
Term
pneumon/o
Definition
lungs
Term
pulmon/o
Definition
lungs
Term
radi/o
Definition
x-rays
Term
rect/o
Definition
rectum
Term
ren/o
Definition
kidney
Term
rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
splen/o
Definition
spleen
Term
staphyl/o
Definition
clusters
Term
strept/o
Definition
twisted chains
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
thromb/o
Definition
clot
Term
tonsill/o
Definition
tonsils
Term
-algia
Definition
pain
Term
arthralgia
Definition
joint pain
Term
otalgia
Definition
ear pain
Term
neuralgia
Definition
nerve pain
Term
myalgia
Definition
muscle pain
Term
-cele
Definition
hernia
Term
rectocele
Definition
hernia of the rectum
Term
cystocele
Definition
hernia of the urinary bladder
Term
-centesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid
Term
thoracentesis
Definition
surgical puncture and aspiration to remove fluid from chest
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture and aspiration to remove amnionic fluid
Term
abdominocentesis
Definition
remove fluid from abdomen
Term
-coccus
Definition
berry shaped bacterium
Term
streptococcus
Definition
berry shaped bacterium in twisted chains
Term
staphylococci
Definition
berry shaped bacterium in clusters
Term
-dynia
Definition
pain
Term
pleurodynia
Definition
pain in the chest
Term
laryngectomy
Definition
removal of the larynx
Term
mastectomy
Definition
removal of the breast
Term
ischemia
Definition
to hold back blood
Term
-genesis
Definition
condition of producing, forming
Term
carcinogenesis
Definition
forming cancer
Term
pathogenesis
Definition
forming disease
Term
angiogenesis
Definition
forming of vessels
Term
-gram
Definition
record
Term
electroencephalogram
Definition
a record of electricity of the brain
Term
myelogram
Definition
x-ray record of the spinal cord
Term
mammagram
Definition
x-ray record of the breast
Term
-graph
Definition
instrument for recording
Term
electroencephalograph
Definition
instrument for recording the electricity of the brain
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
electroencephalography
Definition
process of recording electricity of the brain
Term
angiography
Definition
process of recording a vessel
Term
thrombophlebitis
Definition
inflammation of the clotting vein
Term
ophthalmology
Definition
study of the eye
Term
morphology
Definition
study of shapes/forms
Term
-lysis
Definition
breakdown, destruction, separation
Term
hemolysis
Definition
breakdown of red blood cells
Term
-malacia
Definition
softening
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
softening of bone
Term
chondromalacia
Definition
softening of cartilage
Term
-megaly
Definition
enlargement
Term
acromegaly
Definition
enlargement of extremities
Term
splenomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the spleen
Term
myoma
Definition
muscle tumor
Term
myosarcoma
Definition
malignant tumor of the muscle
Term
multiple myeloma
Definition
many tumors of bone marrow
Term
hematoma
Definition
tumor of blood
Term
-opsy
Definition
to view
Term
biopsy
Definition
to view living
Term
necropsy
Definition
to view the dead
Term
-osis
Definition
condition, usually abnormal
Term
necrosis
Definition
condition of death
Term
hydronephrosis
Definition
condition of water and kidney
Term
leukocytosis
Definition
condition of white blood cells
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease condition
Term
erythropenia
Definition
red blood cell deficiency
Term
neutropenia
Definition
white blood cell deficiency
Term
thrombocytopenia
Definition
clotting cell deficiency
Term
-phobia
Definition
fear
Term
acrophobia
Definition
fear of heights
Term
agoraphobia
Definition
fear of crowds
Term
-plasia
Definition
development, formation, growth
Term
achondroplasia
Definition
without cartilagenous growth
Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair
Term
angiplasty
Definition
surgical repair to a vessel
Term
-ptosis
Definition
falling, dropping, prolapse
Term
blepharoptosis
Definition
drooping of the eyelid
Term
-sclerosis
Definition
hardening
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
hardening of arteries
Term
-scope
Definition
instrument for visual examination
Term
laparoscope
Definition
instrument for visual examination of the abdomen
Term
-scopy
Definition
process of visual examination
Term
laparoscopy
Definition
process of visual examination of the abdomen
Term
-stasis
Definition
stopping, controlling
Term
metastasis
Definition
beyond control
Term
hemostasis
Definition
normal blood flow
Term
-stomy
Definition
opening to form a mouth
Term
colostomy
Definition
creating new opening of colon
Term
tracheostomy
Definition
opening of trachea
Term
-therapy
Definition
treatment
Term
hydrotherapy
Definition
treatment with water
Term
chemotherapy
Definition
treatment with drugs
Term
radiotherapy
Definition
treatment with radiation
Term
-tomy
Definition
cutting into, incision
Term
laparotomy
Definition
cutting into the abdomen
Term
phlebotomy
Definition
cutting into the vein
Term
tracheotomy
Definition
cutting into the trachea
Term
-trophy
Definition
development, nourishment
Term
hypertrophy
Definition
excessive development
Term
atrophy
Definition
without development
Term
-er
Definition
one who
Term
radiographer
Definition
one who takes x-rays
Term
-ia
Definition
condition
Term
-ist
Definition
specialist
Term
leukemia
Definition
condition of white blood cells
Term
pneumonia
Definition
condition of the lungs
Term
nephrologist
Definition
kidney specialist
Term
-ole
Definition
little, small
Term
arteriole
Definition
small artery
Term
-um -ium
Definition
structure, tissue, membrane
Term
pericardium
Definition
tissue surrounding the heart
Term
-us
Definition
structure, substance
Term
-y
Definition
condition, process
Term
nephropathy
Definition
condition of kidney
Term
-ac -iac
Definition
pert. to
Term
-al
Definition
pert. to
Term
pleural
Definition
pert. to the chest
Term
-ar
Definition
pert. to
Term
tonsillar
Definition
pert. to the tonsils
Term
-ary
Definition
pert. to
Term
pulmonary
Definition
pert. to the lungs
Term
axillary
Definition
pert. to the armpit
Term
-eal
Definition
pert. to
Term
laryngeal
Definition
pert. to the larynx
Term
-genic
Definition
pert. to producing, produced by, or in
Term
carcinogenic
Definition
producing cancer
Term
osteogenic
Definition
pert. to producing bone
Term
-ic -ical
Definition
pert. to
Term
chronic
Definition
evolves over long time
Term
pathologic
Definition
pert. to disease
Term
-oid
Definition
resembling
Term
-ose
Definition
pert. to, full of
Term
adipose
Definition
full of fat
Term
-ous
Definition
pert. to
Term
mucous membrane
Definition
pert. to mucous membrane
Term
-tic
Definition
pert. to
Term
necrotic
Definition
pert. to death
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