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Medical Terminology Chapter 9
Exploring Medical language 7th edition. Understand be Understood
67
Medical
Undergraduate 1
11/05/2010

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Term
gamete
Definition
mature germ cell, either sperm or ovum
Term
ovulation
Definition
expulsion of a mature ovum from an ovary
Term
conception, fertilization
Definition
beginning of pregnancy
Term
zygote
Definition
cell formed by the union of the sperm and the ovum
Term
embryo
Definition
unborn offspring in the stage of development from implantation of the zygote to the end of the second month of pregnancy. Rapid growth of the embryo occurs in this period.
Term
fetus
Definition
unborn offspring from the beginning of the third month of pregnancy until birth
Term
gestation, pregnancy
Definition
development of a new individual from conception to birth
Term
gestation period
Definition
duration of prenancy
Term
implantation
Definition
embedding of the zygote in the uterine lining . The process normally begins about 7 days after fertilization and continues for several days.
Term
placenta
Definition
structure that grows on the wall of the uterus druing pregnancy and allows for nourshment of the unborn child.
Term
amniotic sac
Definition
membranous bag that surrounds the fetus before delivery.
Term
chorion
Definition
outermost layer of the fetal membrane
Term
amnion
Definition
innermost layer of the fetal membrane
Term
amniotic fluid
Definition
fluid within the amniotic sac, which surround the fetus
Term
gravid/o
Definition
pregnancy
Term
lact/o
Definition
milk
Term
nat/o
Definition
birth
Term
omphal/o
Definition
umbilicus, navel
Term
par/o part/o
Definition
bear give birth to, labor
Term
puerper/o
Definition
childbirth
Term
prim/i
Definition
first
Term
pseud/o
Definition
false
Term
pylor/o
Definition
pylorus (pyloric sphincter)
Term
terat/o
Definition
malformations
Term
ante
Definition
before
Term
micro
Definition
small
Term
micro
Definition
small
Term
multi
Definition
many
Term
nulli
Definition
none
Term
post
Definition
after
Term
amnios
Definition
amnion, amniotic fluid
Term
cyesis
Definition
pregnancy
Term
e
Definition
suffix, no meaning
Term
partum
Definition
childbirth, labor
Term
rrhexis
Definition
rupture
Term
tocia
Definition
birth labor
Term
abruptio placentae
Definition
premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall
Term
eclampsia
Definition
severe complication and progression of preeclampsia characterized by convulsion and coma. Eclampsia is a potentially life threatening disorder.
Term
ectopic pregnancy
Definition
pregnancy occurring outside the uterus, commonly in the uterine tubes.
Term
placenta previa
Definition
abnormally low implantation of the placenta on the uterine wall. dilation of the cervix can cause separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, resulting in bleeding.
Term
preeclampsia
Definition
abnormal condition encountered during pregnancy or shortly after delivery characterized by high blood pressure, edema, and proteinuria, but with no convulsions or coma.
Term
microcephalus
Definition
fetus with a very small head
Term
omphalitis
Definition
inflammation of the umbilicus
Term
omphalocele
Definition
herniation at the umbilicus (part of the intestine protrudes through the abdominal wall at birth)
Term
pyloric stenosis
Definition
narrowing pertaining to the pyloric sphincter.
Term
tracheoesophageal fistula
Definition
abnormal passagewa pertaining to the esophagus and the trachea.
Term
erythroblastosis fetalis
Definition
condition of the newborn characterized by hemolysis of the erythrocytes. The condition is usually caused by incompatibility of the infant's and mother's blood, occuring when the mother's blood is RH negative and the infant's blood is RH positive.
Term
esophageal atresia
Definition
congenital absence of part of the esophagus. Food cannot pass from the baby's mouth to the stomach.
Term
gastroschisis
Definition
a congenital fissure of the abdominal wall not at the umbilicus. Enterocele, protrusion of the intestine, is usually present.
Term
respiratory distress syndrome
Definition
respiratory complication in the newborn (premies) RDS is cause by nnormal immaturity of the respiratory system resulting in compromised respiration. (formerly known as hyaline membrane disease)
Term
spina bifida
Definition
congenital defect in the vertebral column cause by the failure of the vertrebral arch to close. If the meninges protrude through the opening the condition is called meningocele. Protrusion of both the meninges and spinal cord is called meningonyelocele.
Term
amniotomy
Definition
incision into the amnion (rupture of the fetal membrane to induce labor)
Term
episiotomy
Definition
incision of the vulva (perineum) sometimes performed during delivery also called perineotomy
Term
pelvic sonography
Definition
pertaining to the pelvis, process of recording sound (pelvic ultrasound is used to evaluate the fetus and pregnancy)
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
surgical procedure to aspirate amniotic fluid. The fluid is used for assessment of fetal health and maturity to aid in diagnosing fetal abnormalities.
Term
amnioscope
Definition
instrument used for visual examination of the amniotic fluid (and the fetus)
Term
amnioscopy
Definition
visual examination of amniotic fluid (and the fetus)
Term
breech presentation
Definition
parturition (act of giving birth) in which the buttocks, feet or knees emerge first.
Term
cephalic presentation
Definition
parturition (act of giving birth) in which any ppart of the head emerges first. It is the most common presentation.
Term
colostrum
Definition
thin, milky fluid secreted by the breast during pregnancy and during the first days after birth before lactation begins
Term
in vitro fertilization
Definition
a method of fertilization human ova outside the body and placing the zygote into the uterus; used when infertility is present
Term
lactation
Definition
the secretion of milk
Term
lochia
Definition
vaginal discharge after childbirth
Term
meconium
Definition
first stool of a newborn
Term
parturition
Definition
act of giving birth
Term
puerperium
Definition
period from delivery until the reproductive organs return to normal (approx. 6 weeks)
Term
quickening
Definition
the first feeling of movement of the fetus in utero by the prenant woman. It usually occurs between 16 and 20 weeks.
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