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Medical Terminology Chapter 7 - Common Disorders
Medical Terminology Chapter 7
57
Medical
Graduate
09/11/2010

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Term
Alzheimer Disease
Definition
A disease that may begin in late middle life, characterized by progressive mental deterioration that includes loss of memory, and visual and spatial orientation
Term
Amnesia
Definition
Loss of memory
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Localized dilation of an artery due to vessel wall weakness
Term
Anxiety Disorder
Definition
A feeling of apprehension or uneasiness that results from anticipation of danger
Term
Aphasia
Definition
Loss of speech
Term
Astrocytoma
Definition
Star-shaped tumor that usually develops in the cerebrum; frequently in people younger than 20 years old
Term
Ataxia
Definition
Lack of muscular coordination
Term
Bipolar Disorder
Definition
Clinical Course characterized by maniac episodes alternating with depressive episodes
Term
Cerebral Thrombosis
Definition
Blood clot in the brain
Term
Cerebrovascular Accident
Definition
A synonym for for cerebral stroke, an acute clinical event, related to impairment of cerebral circulation lasting more than 24 hours
Term
Cerebrovascular Disease
Definition
Brain disorder involving a blood vessel
Term
Delirium
Definition
Impaired consciousness
Term
Delusion
Definition
False belief or wrong judgment despite evidence to the contrary
Term
Dementia
Definition
Impaired intellectual function
Term
Depression
Definition
Prolonged period where there is a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
Term
Dysphasia
Definition
Impaired Speech
Term
Encephalitis
Definition
Inflammation of the brain
Term
Epidural hematoma
Definition
A collection of blood in the space between the skull and the dura mater
Term
Epilepsy
Definition
CNS disorder often characterized by seizures
Term
Glioblastoma
Definition
A cerebral tumor occurring most frequently in adults
Term
Glioma
Definition
Tumor of glial tissue
Term
Grand Mal Seizure
Definition
Type of severe seizure with tonic-clonic convulsion
Term
Hallucination
Definition
Subjective perception of an object or voice when no such stimulus exists
Term
Hemiparesis
Definition
Patial paralysis of one side of the body
Term
Hemiplegia
Definition
Paralysis of one side of the body
Term
Huntington Disease
Definition
Hereditary disorder of the CNS
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
Excessive cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
Term
Hyperesthesia
Definition
Abnormal sensitivity to touch
Term
Kleptomania
Definition
Uncontrollable impulse to steal
Term
Meningioma
Definition
Benign tumor of the meninges
Term
Meningitis
Definition
Inflamed meninges
Term
Multiple sclerosis
Definition
Disease of the CNS characterized by the formation of plaques in the brain and spinal cord.
Term
Myasthenia Gravis
Definition
Muscle weakness, lack of strength
Term
Myelitis
Definition
Inflammation of the spinal cord
Term
Myelomeningocele
Definition
Protrusion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the cranium or vertebral column
Term
Neuralgia
Definition
Pain in a nerve
Term
Neuropathy
Definition
A disease involving the cranial, central, or autonomic nervous systems
Term
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Definition
Type of anxiety disorder characterized by persistent thoughts and impulses with repetitive responses that interfere with daily activity.
Term
Paralysis
Definition
Loss of one or more muscle functions
Term
Paranoia
Definition
A serious mental disorder characterized by unreasonable suspicion or jealousy, along with a tendency to interpret everything others do as hostile
Term
Paraplegia
Definition
Paralysis of the lower extremities and, often, the lower trunk of the body
Term
Parasthesia
Definition
Numbness
Term
Parkinson Disease
Definition
Disease of the nerves in the brain due to an imbalance in dopamine
Term
Peitit mal seizure
Definition
Milder form of seizure lasting only a few seconds and does not include convulsive movements; also known as absence seizures
Term
phobia
Definition
a fear of something that is not a hazard from a statistical point of view
Term
plegia
Definition
paralysis
Term
poliomyelitis
Definition
inflamed gray matter of the spinal cord
Term
psychosis
Definition
A serious disorder involving a marked distortion of, or sharp break from, reality; general term covering severe mental or emotional disorders
Term
Quadraplegia
Definition
paralysis of all four limbs
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
A severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction.
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
A severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction.
Term
seizure
Definition
Sudden disturbance in brain function sometimes producing a convulsion
Term
somnambulism
Definition
sleep walking
Term
subdural hematoma
Definition
a collection of blood trapped in the space beneath the dura mater, between the dura and arachnoid layers of the meninges
Term
syncope
Definition
Fainting
Term
Transient Ischemic Attack
Definition
Temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain
Term
Vertigo
Definition
Dizziness
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