Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Medical Terminology Chapter 3
Terms from chapter 3
59
Medical
Professional
06/25/2008

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
acetabulum
Definition
the hip socket
Term
acetaminophen
Definition
medication that controls pain without the side effects of NSAIDs
Term
allogenic
Definition
orginating within another
Term
ankylosing spondylitis
Definition
form of rheumatoid arthritis characterized by the progressive fusion of the vertebral bodies
Term
ankylosis
Definition
"loss or absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure."
Term
arthrodesis
Definition
surgical procedure to stiffen a joint; also known as fusion or surgical ankylosis
Term
arthroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a damaged joint
Term
arthroscopic surgery
Definition
minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of the interior of a joint.
Term
autologous
Definition
orginating within an individual
Term
bursitis
Definition
inflammation of a bursa
Term
callus
Definition
bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break in a bone; also a thickening the skin that is caused by repeated rubbing
Term
chondroma
Definition
slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells.
Term
chondromalacia
Definition
abnormal softening of the cartilage
Term
clavicle
Definition
collar bone
Term
comminuted fracture
Definition
fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
Term
craniectomy
Definition
surgical removal of portion of the skull
Term
craniostenosis
Definition
malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures
Term
craniotomy
Definition
surgical incision or opening into the skull; also known as a bone flap
Term
crepitation
Definition
crackling sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together; also the sound heard in lungs affected with pneumonia and with the noisy discharge of gas from the intestine; also known as crepitus
Term
dual x-ray absorptiometry
Definition
low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips that is able to detect early signs of osteoporosis
Term
Ewing's Sarcoma
Definition
group of cancers that most frequently affects children or adolescents; also known as Ewing's family of tumors
Term
hallux valgus
Definition
abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe; bunion
Term
hemarthrosis
Definition
blood within a joint
Term
kyphosis
Definition
abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side; also know as humpback or dowager's hump
Term
lordosis
Definition
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine; know as swayback
Term
lumbago
Definition
pain of the lumbar region of the spine; lower back pain
Term
luxation
Definition
total displacement of a bone from its joint; dislocation
Term
myeloma
Definition
malignant tumor composed of blood-forming tissues of the bone marrow
Term
orthopedist
Definition
"specialized in diagnosising and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles"
Term
orthotics
Definition
field of knowledge relating to the making and fitting of orthopedic appliances
Term
osteitis
Definition
inflammation of bone
Term
osteoarthritis
Definition
type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging; known as wear-and-tear arthritis
Term
osteochondroma
Definition
benign bone tumor characterized by a cartilage-capped bony growth that projects from the surface of the affected bone; exostosis
Term
osteoclasis
Definition
surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
abnormal softening of the bone
Term
osteomyelitis
Definition
inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
Term
osteopathic physician
Definition
doctor of osteopathy degree and uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to specializing in treating health problems by spinal manipulation.
Term
osteopenia
Definition
thinner-than-average bone density in a young person
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging
Term
osteorrhaphy
Definition
"surgical suturing, or wiring together of bones"
Term
osteotomy
Definition
surgical procedure to create an artifical opening between an organ and the body surface
Term
Paget's disease
Definition
disase of unknown cause that is characterized by extensive bone destruction followed by abnormal bone repair; know as osteitis deformans
Term
patella
Definition
bony anterior portion of the kneecap
Term
percuaneous vertebroplasty
Definition
treatment of osteoporosis related compression fractures by injecting bone cement to stabilize cmpression fractures within the spinal column
Term
phalanges
Definition
bones of the finger
Term
podiatrist
Definition
specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot
Term
popliteal
Definition
posterior portion of the kneecap
Term
rheumatism
Definition
inflammation of connective tissue
Term
rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
"autoimmune disorder in which the synovial membranes, and other body tissues, are inflamed and thickened"
Term
rickets
Definition
"disorder occuring in children involving softening and weakening of the bone primarily caused by lack of Vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate"
Term
sacroiliac
Definition
slightly movable articulation between the sacrum and posterior portion of the ilium
Term
scoliosis
Definition
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
Term
spina bifida
Definition
congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close around the spinal cord
Term
spondylolisthesis
Definition
"slipping forward movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebra on the vertebra below it, or on the sacrum"
Term
subluxation
Definition
partial displacement of a bone from its joint
Term
synovectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint
Term
talipes
Definition
congenital deformity in which the foot is turned outward or inward; clubfoot
Term
thermal capsulorrhaphy
Definition
arthroscopic technique in which heat is used to shrink and tighten the tissues involved in shoulder instability disorders
Term
vertebral column
Definition
spinal column
Supporting users have an ad free experience!