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medical Terminology Ch. 13
medical Terminology Systems Ch. 13 (Gylys & Wedding)
65
Medical
Undergraduate 1
11/15/2009

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Term
diabetes insipidus
Definition
insufficient ADH
Term
diabetes mellitus
Definition
insufficient insulin
Term
electrolytes
Definition
salts which carry electrical charge
Term
glucagon
Definition
hormone from alpha cells of pancreas, increase blood glucose by liver making glucose from glycogen
Term
glucose
Definition
simple sugar, comes from carbohydrate digestion
Term
homeostatis
Definition
internal state of equilibrium
Term
hormone
Definition
produced by endocrine glands & carried throughout body
Term
hyperglycemia
Definition
increased blood glucose, associated w/diabetes mellitus
Term
idiopathic
Definition
without clear cause
Term
insulin
Definition
hormone from pancreatic beta cells, decrease blood glucose by liver to store forming glycogen
Term
mimetic
Definition
imitation of a certain effect
Term
sympathomimetic
Definition
mimics sympathetic nervous system
Term
target
Definition
structure, organ or tissue in which something is directed
Term
antagonist
Definition
something opposing the action of another
Term
morbid obesity
Definition
obesity which causes the onset of pathologic condition
Term
antidiuretics
Definition
a drug that reduces urine production by kidneys
Term
adren/o
Definition
adrenal glands (adrenomegaly)
Term
adrenal/o
Definition
adrenal glands (adrenalectomy)
Term
calc/o
Definition
calcium (hypercalcemia)
Term
crin/o
Definition
secrete (endocrinology)
Term
gluc/o
Definition
sugar (glucogenesis)
Term
glycos/o
Definition
sugar (glycosuria)
Term
glyc/o
Definition
sugar, (hypoglycemia)
Term
home/o
Definition
same, alike (homeostasis)
Term
kal/i
Definition
potassium (kalemia)
Term
pancreat/o
Definition
pancreas (pancreaotomy)
Term
parathyroid/o
Definition
parathyroid glands (parathyroidectomy)
Term
thym/o
Definition
thyroid gland (thyromegaly)
Term
thyroid/o
Definition
thryoid gland (hyperthyroid))
Term
toxic/o
Definition
poison (toxicologist)
Term
-crine
Definition
secrete (endocrine)
Term
-dipsia
Definition
thirst (polydipsia)
Term
-gen
Definition
forming, producing, origin (androgen)
Term
-toxic
Definition
poison (thyrotoxic)
Term
-uria
Definition
urine (glycosuria)
Term
eu-
Definition
normal (euthyroid)
Term
exo-
Definition
outside (exocrine)
Term
hyper-
Definition
excessive (hyperglycemia)
Term
hypo-
Definition
under (hypoinsulin)
Term
poly-
Definition
many (polyuria)
Term
acromegaly
Definition
chronic metabolic disorder w/enlargements of bone & face
Term
diuresis
Definition
abnormal secretion of large amounts of urine
Term
glucagon
Definition
hormone secreted by alpha cells of pancreas
Term
glycosuria
Definition
glucose in urine
Term
Graves Disease
Definition
Multisystem autoimmune disorder
Term
hirsutism
Definition
excessive body hair
Term
hypercalcemia
Definition
increased calcium in blood
Term
hyperkalemia
Definition
excessive potassium in blood
Term
hypervolemia
Definition
abnormal increase in plasma
Term
hyponatremia
Definition
low sodium
Term
insulinoma
Definition
tumor of islets of Langerhans of pancreas
Term
obesity
Definition
abnormal increase in fat cell proportion
Term
panhypoituitarism
Definition
impaired pituitary
Term
virile
Definition
having male characteristics
Term
virilism
Definition
masculinization in woman
Term
fasting blood glucose
Definition
test measuring blood glucose after 12 hr. fast
Term
glucose tolerance test
Definition
test that measures blood glucose after administering standard dose of glucose
Term
thyroid functional test
Definition
test to determine increase or decrease in thyroid function
Term
thyroidectomy
Definition
excision of thryoid
Term
antithyroids
Definition
treat hyperthyroidism by impeding T3 & T4
Term
corticosteroids
Definition
replace hormones lost in adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease)
Term
growth hormone replacement
Definition
increased skeletal growth in children & GH deficiencies in adults
Term
insulin tolerance test
Definition
test for insulin levels in serum, administer insulin then measure blood levels at various intervals
Term
thyroid function test
Definition
measures levels of TSH, T3 & T4
Term
thymectomy
Definition
excision of the thymus
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