Term
| The most common causes of NEONATAL meningitis |
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Definition
1. Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae);
2. Escherichia coli;
3. Listeria monocytogenes; |
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Term
| The most common cause of pneumonia in adults; the second most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults; the most common cause of otitis media in children |
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Definition
| PNEUMOCOCCUS (Streptococcus pneumoniae) |
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Term
| The organism that accounts for over 80% of the suppurative diseases: |
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Definition
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Term
| The only gram-positive bacterium with ENDOTOXIN (LPS) |
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Definition
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Term
| Gram-negative bacteria without ENDOTOXIN |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacteria with low virulence but are most often associated with SURGERY |
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Definition
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Term
| Microbes that cause ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA |
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Definition
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci, Chlamydia pneumoniae, viruses |
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Term
| The number one cause of bacterial bronchitis & pneumonia in teenagers & young adults |
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Definition
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Term
| Bacteria that often cause sepsis in immunocompromised patients |
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Definition
Escherichia coli;
Klebsiella pneumoniae |
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Term
| The three most common causes of diarrhea in the world: |
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Definition
Campylobacter jejuni;
Enterotoxigenic E. coli;
Rotavirus |
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Term
| Facultative Intracellular Bacteria: (cause systemic infection after phagocytosis) |
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Definition
Listeria monocytogenes;
Salmonella typhi;
Yersinia pestis;
Francisella tularensis;
Legionella pneumophila;
Mycobacterium spp.;
Brucella spp.; |
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Term
| Bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasites |
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Definition
Chlamydia;
Chlamydia spp.;
Rickettsias:
(Rickettsia spp.;
Rochalimaea quintana;
Coxiella brunetii;
Bartonella henselae;
Ehrlichia chaffeensis) |
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Term
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Definition
1. requires an arthropod vector;
2. replicates freely in cytoplasm;
3. tropism for endothelial cells;
4. Most cause rashes, high fevers, and bad headaches |
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Term
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Definition
1. No arthropod vector;
2. Replicates in endosomes (inclusion bodies);
3. Tropism for columnar epithelium;
4. Different symptoms; infect eyes, genitals, and lungs |
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Term
| Bacteria that commonly cause URETHRITIS |
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Definition
Neisseria gonorrheae;
Chlamydia trachromatis;
Ureaplasma urealyticum; |
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Term
| The leading cause of preventable blindness in the world |
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Definition
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Term
| The two most common causes of STD in the USA |
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Definition
Chlamydia trachomatis;
Neisseria gonorrheae |
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Term
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Definition
Haemophilus ducreyi;
*painful genital ulcer
*unilateral painful swollen inguinal *lymph nodes, suppurative |
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Term
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Definition
Treponema pallidum
*painless ulcer
*bilateral adenopathy, painless, non-*suppurative |
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Term
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Definition
Herpes simmplex virus 1 and 2
*lesions start as vesicles (blisters), *resemble CHANCROID when they break
*painful
*usually accompanied by systemic symptoms (myalgias and fevers) |
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Term
| DD of STD: Lymphogranuloma venereum |
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Definition
Chlamydia trachomatis;
*painless enlarged inguinal nodes similar to those of chancroid
*development of suppurative inguinal lymph nodes is slower; primary ulcer disappears
before the nodes enlarge |
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Term
| DD of STD: Transplacental Acquired Infections: (ToRCHeS) |
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Definition
TOxoplasma
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus
HErpes
Syphilis |
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Term
| The RULE OF SIXES for Treponema pallidum infection: |
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Definition
*6 axial filaments
*6 week incubation
*6 weeks for the ulcer to heal
*6 weeks after the unlcer heals, secondary syphilis develops
*6 weeks for secondary syphilis to resolve
*66% of latents stage patients have resolution (no TERTIARY SYPHILIS)
*6 years to develop tertiary syphilis
SEXual transmission |
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