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born after 1980, free spending, tech saavy, optimistic, serious, short attention spans |
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having a knowledge of media history. legal and thical restrictions, |
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Source --> Message --> Channel --> Receiver |
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interpersonal communication |
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between or amongst individuals |
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involves an interdisposed device as a medium |
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involves a large widespread audience |
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when only a small amount of the nation can afford the media |
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nations population is better educated and more literate so it is more prosperous and it can appeal to a mass audience |
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when a large part of a popualtion becomes more educated, affluent and urban. |
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porduces resentment abroad but business firms in other nations now own many US media companies |
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How many book US companies are foreign owned? |
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as more units are produced, each costs less |
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combinations of media types whereby the whole is hoped to be greater than the sum of its parts |
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one medium promoting the products or services of another having the same owner |
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ownership of multiple outlets of the same media |
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one company dominates market |
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market controlled or dominated by a few companies |
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Who were the four pioneers of communication? |
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Paul Lazarsfeld, Kurt Lewig, Carl Houland, Harold Laswell |
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Types of Cultural Studies |
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beleives that capitalism has made us too materialistic. Thinks that media have enabled that have to subjegate the have nots |
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big companies owning many types of businesses |
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one company owning different parts of the same industry so they both distribute and produce (ex. newspapers buy papermill) |
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one company owning different kinds of businesses (newspaper buys radio and magazine) |
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company grows both horizontally and vertically |
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What are the three reason cited for Media Concentration? |
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Economies of scale, synergy, and global competion |
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What are the three reason cited for Media Concentration? |
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Economies of scale, synergy, and global competion |
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Research and Scholarship are both meant to add onto existing knowledge |
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Research is quantitative and scholarship is qualitative |
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emotional value of the word |
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scientific efforts to examine facts in order to test theory |
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Different Views of Media's violence's Effects |
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1) Viewing Violence can cause aggression 2) People who are aggresive watch violent movies 3) Both aggression and viewing violent content depend on some other factors |
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Media have strong effect on behavior |
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Media has little effect on behavior |
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some of both. sometimes one and sometimes the other |
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Flow Theory : Bullet Theory |
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Media effects flow directly from sender to audience |
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Flow Theory : Two Step Flow |
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media effectsgo from sender via opinion leaders in audience |
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media effects go from sender to audience via multiple or layered opinion leaders |
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we learn by observing others in media |
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Individual Differences Theory |
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media affect different individuals in different ways |
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media both shape and distort our views of the world |
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media tells us what to attend and what to value |
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Albert Bandura's Socialization Studies |
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when fed stereotypes, audience tend to accept them |
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Parts of the Individual Different Theory |
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Innovators Early Adopters Early Majority Later Majority Laggards |
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Uses and Gratification Theory |
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we pick our media by our need (i.e. news, conversation) |
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news and other information passed by word of mouth and preserved in memory, song and ritual |
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Early Materials for Book Publication |
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Most early books were in Latin |
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The first printing press was from China around 1220 AD and they used movable type from wood. |
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Guttenberg made his in 1450 |
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Four Big Changes of the Industrial Revolution |
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news paper-making system steam powered rotary press linotype for setting type lithography |
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cheaply made paperbacks about American history |
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10 cent, cheaply made books that were popular with Civil war soldiers |
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5 Types of Book Publishers |
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major, university, small, vanity, online |
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Three Types of Book Editors |
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Aqquisition: person you talk to first and looks at manuscripts Development: helps with story and proofs Copy EditorL grammar |
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trade books: general public textbooks : students scholarly: advanced scholars reference: dictionaries professional : ones for trade or occupation speciality books: yearbooks? |
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the idea that newspapers should not just report what happens but should take part in brining about events |
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First American Comic Feature? |
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a paper of small page sizes |
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early newspapers aligned with politcal parties |
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English tax of one penny for every copy of a newspaper printed |
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devoted to opinion, not straight news |
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reporting on financial, poltiics |
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papers sold on streets for one penny rather than by subscription |
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sensationalized journalism , use of illustration, more crime, more investigative in the 1890s |
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sensationalized journalism of the 1920s, big decade of tabloid newspapers |
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National dailies Local Dailies Weeklies Foreign Language |
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a low quality magazine printed on low quality paper about celebrities, or romance |
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magazines that print short versions of articles that have first appeared somewhere else. |
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special interest magazine |
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information about certain fields |
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how many people other than the subscription buyer read the magazine |
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