Term
| Function & Types of Cardiac Agents |
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Definition
Glycoside & Nonglycoside
Increase contractility in CHF |
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Term
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Definition
| Digitoxin & Digoxin (12-hydroxy digitoxin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Diuretics (Loop & Niseritide) & Vasodilators (captopril) |
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Term
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Definition
| PDE-3i (Inamrinone IV, milrinone IV) & B1 Ag (dobutamine IV) |
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Term
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Definition
Lanoxin
MOA: inhibits Na/K Pump -> Na gradient is inhibited -> Less Ca is pumped out -> increased Ca in cell -> increased contractility
A: less than digitoxin
D: PPB less than digitoxin
M: kidney
E: urine
K t1/2: shorter than digitoxin |
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Term
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Definition
Inocor IV
MOA: inhibits PDE-3 -> longer CAMP residence -> increased Ca influx -> increased contractility
M: directly phase II
K t1/2: short |
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Term
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Definition
Primacor IV
MOA: inhibits PDE-3 -> longer CAMP residence -> increased Ca influx -> increased contractility
M: phase I -> phase II
K t1/2: longer |
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Term
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Definition
MOA: inhibits Na/K Pump -> Na gradient is inhibited -> Less Ca is pumped out -> increased Ca in cell -> increased contractility
A: more than digoxin
D: PPB more than digoxin
M: liver
E: bile -> recycled
K t1/2: longer than digitoxin |
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Term
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Definition
Dobutrex
MOA: bind B1 stimulating contractility
M: COMT & PhaseII |
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Term
| Anti-Arrhythmic Drug Classes |
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Definition
Class I: Phase 0: Na Channel Blockers
Class II: Phase 2: Beta Blockers
Class III: Phase 3: K Channel Blockers
Class IV: CCBs |
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Term
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Definition
Quinidine, Procainamide, Diisopyramide
MOA: decrease upstroke height; slows rate of depol -> prolonged axn potential
ADRs: anticholinergic effects |
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Term
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Definition
Lidocaine, Tocainamide, Mexilitene, Phenytoin
MOA: decrease upstroke height; increases rate of depol -> shortened axn potential
ADRs: anticholingergic effects |
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Term
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Definition
Quinalan PO/IM
Class IA Antiarrhythmic
ADR: cinchonism
M: O-demethylation |
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Term
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Definition
Pronestyl PO
Class IA Antiarrhythmic
M: amidases (benzaldehyde amide) long k t1/2, N-deethylation, PHASE II ACETYLATION* |
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Term
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Definition
Norpace PO
Class IA Antiarrhythmic
M: aromatic hydroxylation |
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Term
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Definition
Xylocaine PO
Class IB Antiarrhythmic
M: amidases (anilino amide)
short k t1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Tonocard IV/PO
Class IB Antiarrhythmic
M: amidases (anilino amide) but sterically hindered
long k t1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Mexitil IV/PO
M: long k t1/2
No anticholinergic ADRs |
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Term
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Definition
Dilantin IV/PO
Class IB Antiarrhythmic
*only acidic antiarrhythmic (imide)
used in seizures
M: aromatic hydroxylation |
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Term
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Definition
Propaphenone, Moracizine, Fleicanide, Encainide
MOA: decrease upstroke height; no effect on length of axn potential |
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Term
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Definition
Ethmozine PO
K Channel Affin: basic N heterocycle
ADR: anticholindergic |
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Term
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Definition
Rhythmol PO
K Channel Affin: aromatic ketone |
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Term
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Definition
Tambocor PO
K Channel Affin: aromatic ketone
ADR: anticholinergic |
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Term
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Definition
Enkaid PO
K Channel Affin: aromatic ketone |
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Term
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Definition
sotalol
MOA: block autonomic NS stimulation @ B1 (phase 2) |
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Term
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Definition
Betapace IV/PO
Class II & Class III antiarrhythmic
*also blocks Na
*conatins methyl sulfonamino group for CIII |
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Term
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Definition
sotalol, ibutilide, dofetilide, amiodarone, dronedarone, bretylium tosylate
MOA: inhibit K efflux (phase 3) -> longer axn potential |
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Term
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Definition
Corvert IV
Class III antiarrhythmic
*contains necessary methyl sulfonamino
*also blocks Na |
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Term
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Definition
Tikosyn PO
Class III antiarrhythmic
*contains two methyl sulfonamino |
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Term
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Definition
Cordarone IV/PO
Class III antiarrythmic
*contains aromatic ketone for K channel affin
ADR: decreased TH production (due to 2 iodine) |
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Term
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Definition
Multaq PO
Class III antiarrhythmic
very selective: contains aromatic ketone & methyl sulfonamido |
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Term
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Definition
IV
ADR: severe hypotension |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Injury
Epithelium releases thromboplastin
*synthesis of prothrombin is coupled with oxidation of reduced vitamin K
Prothrombin -> thrombin
Fibrinogen -> fibrin
Fibrin binds GPIIb&IIIa
Conformation Change -> P2Y12 receptor available
ADP Binds P2Y12 -> platelet becomes sticky
Termination: AT3 binds thrombin to inactivate; accelerated by heparin binding |
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Term
| 8 Anticoagulant Drug Classes |
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Definition
Heparin & d/dx
Vit K Reductase Inhibs
Thrombin Antags
Ab for Platelets
Fibrinogen Antags
PDEis
Proteolytic Enz Inhibs
Prostaglandins |
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Term
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Definition
IV
MOA: increase deactivation of thrombin via binding AT3 & thrombin -> decrease fibrin
OOA: Fast acting
Chem: gluconic acid & glucosamine repeating units
antidote: protamine sulfate |
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Term
| Vitamin K Reductase Inhibitors |
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Definition
PO
MOA: blocks reduction of oxidized Vitamin K -> prothrombin not made
OOA: slow acting
A: lipophilic -> good
D: strong PPB
M: aromatic hydroxylase (cyp)
antidote: vitamin K (slow acting) |
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Term
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Definition
Coumadin
Vit K Reductase Inhib |
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Term
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Definition
Sintrom
Vit K Reductase Inhib |
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Term
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Definition
Marcumar
Vit K Reductase Inhib |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Vit K Reductase Inhib
dimer |
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Term
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Definition
IV
"Rudins"
MOA: bind & inhibit thrombin (resemble AT3 structure) |
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Term
| Antibody Against Platelets |
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Definition
| MOA: Antibody against GPIIb/IIIa; antagonist to fibrinogen |
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Term
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Definition
Repopro IV
Antibody against platelets |
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Term
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Definition
1)Polypeptides IV
MOA: similar to fibrinogen; defebrutide
2)Nonpeptides PO
a)MOA: bind GPIIb/IIIa directly
b)MOA: bind purinergic P2Y12 receptor (inhibit ADP) |
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Term
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Definition
Advil, Motrin PO
Nonpeptide fibrinogen antagonist
MOA: acetylates GPIIb/IIIa irreversibly |
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Term
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Definition
Aggrostat IV
Nonpeptide fibrinogen antagonist
MOA: binds GPIIb/IIIa receptor
contains tryptophan |
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Term
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Definition
Plavix PO
P2Y12 fibrinogen antagonist
k t1/2: shorter than ticlopidine
b t1/2: longer than ticlopidine (active metabolites) |
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Term
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Definition
Ticlid PO
P2Y12 fibrinogen antagonist
k t1/2: longer than clopridogrel
b t1/2: shorter than clopridogrel |
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Term
| Proteolytic Enzyme Inhibitors |
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Definition
| MOA: Inhibits thrombin's cleavage of fibrinogen (-> fibrin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Peptide Fibrinogen Antagonist |
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Term
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Definition
HCl Salt IV
Proteolytic Enz Inhib
Uses: during hemodialysis
M: Esterases (must be continuously infused) |
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Term
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Definition
| Arachidonic Acid (20C w/4pi bonds) cleaved from PL memb via phospholipase -> enters cytosol -> COX -> 5-memb ring + 2 pi bonds (PGE2, PGF2) |
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Term
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Definition
*smooth muscle dilation
anti-HTN for PAH
anti-ulcer -> mucin secretion
induce labor -> relax circular cervix muscle
induce menstruation
induce abortion (RU486)
anti-asthma nasal spray |
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Term
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Definition
*smooth muscle contraction
post-partum bleeding -> vasoconstriction
induce labor -> contract uterus & contract radial cervix |
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Term
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Definition
| Open heart surgery -> inhibit blood clotting & dilate vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| after surgery -> induce platelet aggregation to stop bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| cyclopentane w/ketone + 7C A chain (pi@5,6) + 8C B chain (pi@13,14) |
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Term
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Definition
| cyclopentane w/chiral OH + 7C A chain (same direction as OH) (pi@5,6) + 8C B Chain (pi@13,14) |
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Term
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Definition
| cyclopentane+furan + 5C A chain (pi@5,6) + 8C B chain (pi@13,14) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pyran Backbone + 7C A chain (pi@5,6) + 8C B chain (pi@13,14) |
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Term
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Definition
Singulair PO
Leukotriene Antagonist
Bronchodilation |
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Term
| Antipyretic Analgesic Drug Classes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Salicylate Antipyretic Analgesic |
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Term
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Definition
Dolobid
Salicylate Antipyretic Analgesic |
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Term
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Definition
Bengay
Salicylate Antipyretic Analgesic |
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Term
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Definition
Tylenol
Aniline Antipyretic Analgesic
M: oxidized to NAPQI -> reactive with any -SH (glutathione) -> toxicity
Antidote: Mesna releases glutathiones |
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Term
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Definition
similar to arachidonic acid:
lipophilic tail + acidic head |
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Term
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Definition
| fenamates, acetic acid d/dx, propionic acid d/dx, enoic acid d/dx, misc :) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Indocin
acetic acid NSAID
ADR: serious HA/dizzy due to CNS affinity |
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Term
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Definition
Clinoril -- PRODRUG
acetic acid NSAID
contains sulfoxide (too polar) -> sulfide (lipo)
long t 1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A: good oral absorption
D: high PPB
M: Phase 1 -> inactive metabolite (too polar to bind COX)
E: Phase II glucoronide in urine
ADR: ulcerogenic bc acid & mucin inhibition |
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Term
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Definition
Motrin, Advil
Propionic acid NSAID |
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Term
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Definition
Naprosyn/Aleve
propionic acid NSAID
long t 1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
Feldene
enoic acid NSAID
*contains sulfonamide -> directly Phase II
*longest t 1/2 :) |
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Term
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Definition
Relafen -- PRODRUG
miscellaneous NSAID
ketone -> acid
*avoids stomach irritation :) |
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Term
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Definition
Celebrex
miscellaneous NSAID -- Cox2 Selective
*minimized ulcer risk
*contains sulfonamide -> longest t 1/2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibitors of WBC Maturation; Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors; Uricosuric Agents |
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Term
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Definition
Colcrys
WBC Maturation Inhibitor |
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Term
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Definition
Zyloprim
XO Inhibitor
Nitrogens are simply closer together |
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Term
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Definition
Probalan
Uricosuric
MOA: prevent proximal tubule reabsorp of uric acid
*contains sulfonamide -> goes directly to SOA |
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Term
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Definition
Anturane
Uricosuric
MOA: prevent proximal tubule reabsorp of uric acid |
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