Term
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Definition
thyroid-stimulating hormone: anterior pituitary
water soluble hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| Growth hormone (somatotropin: anterior pituitary hormone
Effects:
Adipose tissue: Lipolysis (to induce hyperglycemia, breaks down lipids) Muscle: AA uptake Protein synthesis (stimulates growth and muscle development) Liver: Glucose output and produces IGF-1 |
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Term
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Definition
| follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones: anterior pituitary |
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Term
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Definition
| adrenocorticotropin: anterior pituitary |
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Term
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Definition
prolactin: anterior pituitary hormone
Dopamine must be inhibited to activate prolactin |
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Term
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Definition
| growth hormone releasing hormone: hypothalamic hormone that stimulates GH |
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Term
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Definition
(Static effect)inhibits GH
hypothalamic hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| thyrotropin releasing hormone: hypothalamic hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| corticotropin-releasing hormone: hypothalamic hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone: hypothalamic hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| dopamine: hypothalamic hormone (inhibits GH, prolactin, and TSH |
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Term
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Definition
| somatomedin- mediates GH and provides negative feedback for GHRH |
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Term
| anterior pituitary system signaling |
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Definition
| hypothalamus sends "releasing factor" through the portal system to affect the anterior pituitary hormones |
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Term
| posterior pituitary system signaling |
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Definition
| communicates via neurons which connect the posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus |
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Term
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Definition
| (ADH)vasopressin, antidiuretic hormone: posterior pituitary (neuron) |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulates milk secretion/production
anterior pituitary hormone |
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Term
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Definition
water soluble, free form (no carrier), need extracellular receptor, have second messengers, use second messengers,have rapid effects
Ex) GH and Insulin |
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Term
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Definition
require a carrier, lipid soluble, cause gene transcription, SLOW Tx dependant response
Ex) glucocorticoids and estrogens |
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Term
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Definition
| hormones traveling via blood or intercellular fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| hormones travl only in intercellular fluid (not blood) |
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Term
| types of hormonal regulation |
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Definition
| positive, negative, and neuronal (epinephrine release from adrenal medulla to release glucocorticoids) |
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Term
| stimulation mainly in pulses |
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Definition
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)- stimulates adrenocorticotropin release
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)- stimulates gonadotropins in pulses. LH and FSH are collectively known as gonadotropins. |
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Term
| mechanism of endocrine disease |
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Definition
| almost always due to hormone deficiency |
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Term
| causes of hormone deficiency |
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Definition
| infection, infarction, autoimmune attack, genetic defect, tumor growth (comression) |
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Term
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Definition
| cushings syndrome- excess cortisol |
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Term
| endocrine autoimune disease ex) |
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Definition
| hyperthyroidism- produces autoantibodies which mimic the effect of TSH, resulting in hyperthyroidism |
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Term
Pituitary gland secretes:
(Anterior and Posterior) |
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Definition
Anterior: ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, prolactin
Posterior: ADH and oxytocin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
T3 and T4 and calcitonin
(Triiodothyronine and thyroxine ) |
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Term
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Definition
| low Ca++ levels stimulate PTH to increase plasma Ca++ and PO4 |
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Term
| Reproductive glands secrete: |
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Definition
| estrogen, progesterone, testosterone |
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Term
| secondary deficiencies are caused by: |
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Definition
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