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| time after childbirth and expulsion of the placenta and membranes that lasts approximately 6 weeks (42 days), during which the anatomical and physiological changes brought about by pregnancy resolve and a woman adjusts to the new or expanded resposibilities of motherhood and nonpregnant life and the reproductive organs return to normal |
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| hyster/o, mertri/o, uter/o |
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| accessory parts of a structure |
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| congenital absence or closure of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy |
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| malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy |
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| contraceptive device consisting of a hemisphere of thin rubber bonded to a flexible ring; inserted into the vagina together with spermicidal helly or cream up to 2 hours before coitus so that spermatozoa cannot enter the uterus, thus preventing conception |
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| occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse |
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| inflammation of the mucous lining of the cervix uteri |
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| benign uterine tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue; also called leiomyomas (myomas and fibromyomata uteri |
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| birth control pills containing estrogen and progesterone in varying proportions |
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| painful spasm of the vagina from contraction of its surrounding muscles |
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| premature separation of a normally situated placenta |
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| membrane, continuous with and covering the fetal side of the placenta, that forms the outer surface of the umbilical cord |
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| most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy |
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| measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be able to pass through the bony pelvis during the delivery process |
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| condition in which the placenta is attached near the cervix and ruptures prematurely, with spotting as the early symptom |
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| transabdominal puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance using a needle and syringe to remove amniotic fluid |
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| delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow visual examination, remove an obstruction, or apply medication |
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| test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflation with carbon dioxide; also called Rubin test |
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| visual examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope) |
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| visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus |
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| Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) |
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| sampling of placental tissues for nrenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects |
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| radiography of the uterus and uterine tubes (oviducts) following injection of a contrast medium |
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| process by which high-frequency sound waves produce and display an image from reflected "echoes" on a monitor; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo |
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| transvaginal ultrasonography |
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| US of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina, which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis |
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| suturing the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion, the sutures are removed prior to delivery |
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| excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination |
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| sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance |
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| dilation and curettage (D&C) |
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| widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping of the uterine endometrium with a curette |
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| repair of a lacerated vulva or an episiotomy |
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| incision of the peritoneum from the vaginal orifice usually done to prevent tearing of the tissue and to facilitate childbirth |
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| hysterectomy where the cervix, ovaries, and fallopian tubes remain |
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| hysterectomy where the cervix is removed but the ovaries and the fallopian tubes remain |
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| total hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophotectomy |
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| total (complete) hysterectomy, including uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries |
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| total (simple) mastectomy |
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| excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin |
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| modified radical mastectomy |
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| excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary dissection) |
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| excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast |
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| excision of a myomatous tumor, generally uterine |
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| reconstructive breast surgery |
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| reconstruction of a breast that has been removed because of cancer or other disease |
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| common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle, saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is then replaced with a more permanent implant |
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| transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap |
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| surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen which is passed under the skin to the breast area. The abdominal tissue (flap) is shaped into a natural-looking breast and sutured into place |
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| excision of an ovary and fallopian tube |
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| procedure that ties (ligates) the fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy |
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| treat vaginal yeast infection by altering the yeast cell membrane or interfering with a metabolic process (miconazole- Monistat; nystatin- Mycostatin, Nilstat) |
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| treat symptoms of menopause (hot flashes, vaginal dryness, fatique) through hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (conjugated estrogens- Cenestin, Premarin) |
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| prevent ovulation (desogestrel/ ethinyl estradiol- Desogen, Ortho-Cept; ethinyl estradiol/ norgestrel- Lo/Ovral-28 |
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| induce labor at term by increasing the strength and ferquency of uterine contractions (oxytocin- Pitocin) |
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| terminate pregnancy (dinoprostone- Prostin E2, Cervidil; mifepristone- Mifeprex) |
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| chemically destroy sperm by creating a highly acidic environment in the uterus (nonoxynol 9, octoxynol 9- Semicid, Koromex, Ortho-Gynol) |
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