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Med Term Ch. 7 Nervous
Nervous System
129
Medical
Graduate
09/12/2010

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Term
CNS
Definition
Central Nervous System
Term
CVA
Definition
Cardiovascular accident
Term
ECT
Definition
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Term
EEG
Definition
Electroencephalography
Term
ICP
Definition
Intracranial Pressure
Term
IQ
Definition
Intelligence Quotient
Term
LOC
Definition
Level of consciousness
Term
LP
Definition
Lumbar Pressure
Term
MS
Definition
Multiple Sclerosis
Term
OBS
Definition
Organic Brain Syndrome
Term
OCD
Definition
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Term
PERRLA
Definition
Pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accomodation
Term
PNS
Definition
Peripheral Nervous System
Term
PTSD
Definition
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Term
SAD SAD
Definition
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Term
TENS
Definition
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Term
TIA
Definition
Transient ishemic attack
Term
Autonomic Nervous System
Definition
Parts of PNS that carry messages between CNS and organs that function autonomously
Term
Arachnoid Mater
Definition
Web-likek layer of meninges; middle layer
Term
Central nervous System
Definition
Subdivision of nervous system that includes brain and spinal cord
Term
Axon
Definition
Part of neuron that carries electrical impulses
Term
Brain Stem
Definition
Part of brain that controls function including heart rate, breathing, and body temperature
Term
Cell Body
Definition
One of 3 parts of a neuron cell
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Part of brain that controls skeletal muscles
Term
Cerebral cortex
Definition
grey matter surrounding cerebrum
Term
cerebrospinal fluid
Definition
fluid in and around the brain and spinal cord
Term
Cerebrum
Definition
largest part of brain, controls,, conscious thought and stores memories
Term
Dendrite
Definition
One of two preocesses extending from a neuron cell body
Term
Diencephalon
Definition
Part of brain containing both the thalamus and hypothalamus
Term
Dura Mater
Definition
Outer meninges, the fibrous membrane protecting the CNS
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Front part of brain from which voluntary muscle movements and other sensory motor tasks are directed
Term
Ganglion
Definition
Group of neuron cell bodies grouped together in the PNS
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Hormone and emotion center of brain that controls automatic functions
Term
Leptomeninx
Definition
Collective term for the arachnoid mater and pia mater
Term
Medulla oblongate
Definition
Part of the brain stem that sends sensory information to the thlamus to direct the autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, and other viscera
Term
Meninges
Definition
Three layer membrane surrounding brain and spinal cord
Term
Mesencephalon
Definition
Middle part of the brain between diencephalon and the pons; aka midbrain
Term
Myelin sheath
Definition
fatty white envelop of cells providing protection and electrical insulation to neurons
Term
nerve
Definition
Whitish, cordlike structure composed of one or more bundles of nerve fibers outside CNS
Term
Neuroglia
Definition
Cells within both CNS and PNS which from essential part of nerve tissue
Term
Neuron
Definition
nerve cell, including cell body and axon
Term
Neurotransmiter
Definition
Chemical released by presynaptic cell that is picked up by postsynaptic cell to affect and action
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Group of nerve cell bodies grouped together in CNS
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
Part of brain that processes info from the sense of sight and other sensory and motor tasks
Term
Peripharal Nervous System
Definition
Made up of nerons, neuroglia, and associated tissue, including cranial and spinal nerves and sensory and motor nerves that extedn through the body
Term
Parietal lobe
Definition
Part of brain that processes info from sense of touch and other sensory and motor tasks
Term
Pia Mater
Definition
Inner Layer of Meninges
Term
Pons
Definition
Part of brain stem that passes info to cerebellum and thalamus to regulate subconscious somatic activites
Term
Psychomotor
Definition
Adjective used to indicate the relation between activity psychic and muscular movement
Term
Somatic nervous System
Definition
Parts of PNS that carry impulses for conscious rather than habitual activity
Term
Somatic nervous System
Definition
Parts of PNS that carry impulses for conscious rather than habitual activity
Term
Spinal Nerves
Definition
The 31 pairs of nerves located along spinal columns
Term
Synapse
Definition
Connecting point between nerve cells or between nerve cell and a receptor or effector cell
Term
Temporal lobe
Definition
Part of brain that processes info from hearing smell and taste
Term
Thalamus
Definition
Part of brain that processes sensory info
Term
Ventricle
Definition
Cavities between cerebrum and the brain stem
Term
Alzheimer disease
Definition
Begins in late middle life, characterized by progressive mental deterioration that includes loss of memory and visual and special orientation
Term
Amnesia
Definition
Loss of Memory
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Localized dilation of an artery due to vessel wall weakness
Term
Anxiety disorder
Definition
Feeling of apprehension that results from anticipation of danger
Term
Aphasia
Definition
Loss of Speech
Term
Astrocytoma
Definition
Star shaped tumor that usually develops in cerebrum; freq in people younger than 20 years
Term
Ataxia
Definition
Lack of muscular coordination
Term
Bipolar disorder
Definition
Clinical course characterized by manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes
Term
Cerebral thrombosis
Definition
Blood clot in brain
Term
Cerebrovascular Accident
Definition
Brain disorder involving a blood vessel
Term
Delirium
Definition
Impaired consciousness
Term
Cerebrovascular accident
Definition
AKA: cerebral stroke, acute critical event related to impairment of cerebral circulation lasting more than 24 hours
Term
Cerebrovascular disease
Definition
Brain disorder involving a blood vessel
Term
Delirium
Definition
Impaired consciousness
Term
Delusion
Definition
False belief or wrong judgement despite evidence to the contrary
Term
Dementia
Definition
Impaired intellectual function
Term
Depression
Definition
Prolonged perious where there is a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
Term
Dysphasia
Definition
Impaired Speech
Term
Encephalitis
Definition
Inflammation of the brain
Term
Epidural hematoma
Definition
Collection of blood in the space between the skull and the dura mater
Term
Epilepsy
Definition
CNS disorder often characterised by seisures
Term
Glioblastoma
Definition
Cerebral tumor occurring most frequantly in adults
Term
Glioma
Definition
Tumor of glial tissue
Term
Epidural hematoma
Definition
Collection of blood in the space between the skull and the dura mater
Term
Glioblastoma
Definition
Cerebral tumor occurring most frequently in adults
Term
Glioma
Definition
Tumor in glial tissue
Term
Grand mal seizure
Definition
Type of severe seizure with tonic-clonic convulsions
Term
Hallucination
Definition
Perception of an object or voise when no such stimulus exists
Term
Hemi paresis
Definition
Partial paralysis of one side of the body
Term
Hemiplegia
Definition
Paralysis of one side of the body
Term
Huntington's disease
Definition
Hereditary disorder of the CNS
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
Excessive cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
Term
Hyperesthesia
Definition
Abmormal sensitivity to touch
Term
Kleptomania
Definition
Uncontrollabel impulse to steal
Term
meningioma
Definition
Benign tumor of the meninges
Term
meningitiz
Definition
Inflames meninges
Term
Multiple Sclerosis
Definition
Disease of the CNS characterized by the formation of plaques in the brain and spinal cord
Term
Myasthenia gravis
Definition
Muscle weakness, lack of strength
Term
Myelitis
Definition
Inflammation of the spinal cord
Term
Myelomeningocele
Definition
Protusion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the cranium or vertebral column
Term
Neuralgia
Definition
Pain in a nerve
Term
Neuropathy
Definition
Disease involving cranial, central, or autonomic nervous system
Term
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Definition
Anxiety disorder characterized by persistent thoughts and impulses with repetitive responses that interfere with daily activities
Term
Paralysis
Definition
Loss of one or more muscle funtions
Term
Paranoia
Definition
Serious mental disorder characterized by unreasonable suspicion or jealousy along with a tendency to interpret everything others do as hostile
Term
Paraplegia
Definition
Psralysis of the lower extremities and often the lower trunk of the body
Term
Paresthesia
Definition
Numbness
Term
Parkinsons disease
Definition
Disease of the nerves in the brain due to an imbalance of dopamine
Term
Petit mal seizure
Definition
Milder form of seizure lasting only a few seconds and does not incluede convulsive movements also known as absence seizures
Term
Phobia
Definition
Fear of something that is not a hazard from a statistical point of view
Term
Plegia
Definition
Paralysis
Term
Poliomyelitis
Definition
Inflames grey matter of spinal cord
Term
Psychosis
Definition
Serious disorder involved a marked distortion of or sharp break from reality
Term
Quadriplegia
Definition
Paralysis of all four limbs
Term
Schizophrenia
Definition
Severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
Term
Seizure
Definition
Suddden disturbance in brain function sometimes producing a convulsion
Term
Somnambulism
Definition
Sleep Walking
Term
Subdural hematoma
Definition
Collection of blood trapped in the space between the dura mater, between the dura and arachnoid layers of themeninges
Term
Syncope
Definition
Fainting
Term
Transient ischemic attack
Definition
Temporary interuption in the blood suppy to the brain
Term
Vertigo
Definition
Disiness
Term
Antianxiety agent
Definition
Drug used to suppress anxiousness and relaz muscles
Term
Anticonvulsant agent
Definition
Drugs used to degrease seizure activity
Term
Antipsychotic agent
Definition
Drug given to patients to affet behavior and treat psychiatric disorders
Term
Craniectomy
Definition
Excision of part of the skull
Term
Craniotomy
Definition
Incision into the skull
Term
Electroconvulsive therapy or electroshock therapy
Definition
Controlled convulsion produced by passing an electric current through the brain
Term
Lobotomy
Definition
Incision into a lobe
Term
Lumbar Punture
Definition
Insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space between the third and fourth or fourth and fifth lumbar vertibrae to withdraw fluid for diagnosis
Term
Magnetic resonance imaging
Definition
Uses radio waves and a very strong magnetic field to produce images of the soft tissue
Term
Myelography
Definition
Radiography of the spinal cord and nerve roots
Term
Neuroplasty
Definition
Surgery to repair a nerve
Term
Sedatives or hyponotics
Definition
Drugs used to induce a calming effect or sleep
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