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Definition
| most anterior portion of the cerebrum; controls motor function, personality, and speech. |
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| most superior portion of the cerebrum; receives and interprets nerve impulses from sensory receptors and interprets language. |
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| most posterior portion of the cerebrum; controls vision |
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| left and right lateral portion of the cerebrum; controls hearing and smell |
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| highly branched projections that receive impulses |
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| contains the nucleus and many of the other organelles of the cell |
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Definition
| projection from the nerve cell body that conducts electrical impulse toward its destination |
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| point at which the axon of one neuron meets the dendrite of the next neuron |
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| chemical messengers that pass electrical impulses across the synaptic cleft |
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| fatty substance that acts as insulation for many axons so that they conduct electrical impulses faster. |
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| comprised of unsheathed or uncovered cell bodies and dendrites. |
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Definition
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| bundles of nerve fibers interconnecting different parts of the central nervous system |
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Definition
| the three membranes that encase and protect the central nervous system |
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Definition
| located in upper portion of the brain, processes thoughts, judgement, memory, problem solving, and language. |
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Definition
| outer layer of cerebrum composed of gray matter |
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Definition
| elevated portions of the cerebrum |
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Definition
| fissures or valleys that separate the gyri |
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Definition
| composed of gray matter and acts as a center for relaying impulses from the eyes, ears, and skin to the cerebrum. |
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Definition
| located below the thalmus, controls body temperature, appetite, sleep, sexual desire, and emotions. |
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Definition
| acts as a pathway for impulses to be conducted between the brain and the spinal cord |
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Definition
| connects the cerebellum to the rest of the brain |
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Definition
| most inferior position portion of the brain, connects the brain to the spinal cord |
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Definition
| tough mother; forms a tough, fibrous sac around the central nervous system |
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Definition
| actual space between the dura mater and arachnoid layers |
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Term
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Definition
| meaning spiderlike; a thin, delicate layer attached to the pia mater by weblike filaments |
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Definition
| space between the arachnoid layer and the pia mater; it contains cerebrospinal fluid that cushions the brain from the outside |
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Definition
| soft mother; the innermost membrane layer and is applied directly to the surface of the brain and spinal cord |
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Definition
| sensory neurons that carry sensory info from sensory receptors to the CNS |
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Definition
| motor neurons carry activity instructions from CNS to muscles and glands out in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| fight or flight; increases heart rate, dilates airways, increase blood pressure, inhinit digestion, and stimulate the production of adrenaline |
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Definition
| rest and digest; slows heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and stimulate digestion |
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Definition
| transports impulses for sense of smell |
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Definition
| carries impulses for sense of sight |
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Definition
| motor impulses for eye muscle movement and the pupil of eye |
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Definition
| controls oblique muscle of eye on each side |
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Definition
| carries sensory facial impulses and controls muscles for chewing; branches into eyes , forehead, upper and lower jaw |
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Definition
| controls eyeball muscle to turn eye to side |
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Definition
| controls facial muscles for expression, salivation, and taste on two-thirds of tongue |
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Definition
| responsible for impulses of equilibrium and hearing; also called auditory nerve |
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Definition
| carries sensory impulses from pharynx and taste on one-third of tongue |
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Definition
| supplies most organs in abdominal and thoracic cavities |
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Definition
| control the neck and shoulder muscles |
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Definition
| sensations such as seeing colors or smelling and unusual odor that occur just propr to an epileptic seizure or migrane headache |
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Definition
| profound unconsciousness or stupor resulting from an illness or injury |
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Definition
| severe involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations. |
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Definition
| abnormal mental state characterized by confusion, diorientation, and agitation |
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Definition
| progressive impairment of intellectual function that interferes with performing activities of daily living. |
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| localized seizure often affecting one limb |
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Definition
| weakness or loss of motion on one side of the body |
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Definition
| paralysis on only one side of the body |
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Definition
| temporary or permanent loss of the ability to control movement |
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Definition
| temporary or permanent loss of function of voluntary movement |
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Definition
| paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs |
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Definition
| abnormal sensation such as burning or tingling |
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Definition
| sudden uncontrollable onset of symptoms |
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Definition
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Definition
| involuntary repetitive alternating movement of a part of the body |
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Definition
| condition or state of being unaware of surroundings, with the inability to respond to stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| type of epileptic seizure that lasts only a few seconds to half a minute, characterized by a loss of awareness and an absence of activity |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic, organic mental disorder consisting of dementia. progressive disorientation, apathy, speech and gait disturbances, and loss of memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| tumor of the brain or spinal cord that is composed of astrocytes, one of the types of neuroglial cells |
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Term
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Definition
| intracranial mass, either benign or malignant. |
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Term
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Definition
| localized abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery, the result of a congenital defect or weakness in the wall of the vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| bruising of the brain from a blow or impact |
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Term
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Definition
| nonprogressive brain damage resulting from a defect, trauma, or oxygen deprivation at a time of birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| development of an infarct due to loss in the blood supply to an area of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| injury to the brain resulting from the brain being shaken inside the skull from a blow or impact |
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Term
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Definition
| recurrent disorder of the brain in which seizures and loss consciousness occur as a result of uncontrolled electrical activity of the neurons in the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain, causing the head to be enlarged. |
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Term
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Definition
| specific type of headache characterized by severe head pain, sensitivity to light, dizziness, and nausea. |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic disorder of the nervous system with fine tremors, muscular weakness, rigidity, and a shuffling gait. |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of symptoms that includes acute encephalopathy and damage to various organs, especially the liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| type of severe epileptic seizure characterized by a loss of consciousness and convulsions. |
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Term
| transient ischemic attack |
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Definition
| temporary interference with blood supply to the brain, causing neurological symptoms such as dizziness, numbness, and hemiparesis. |
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Term
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
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Definition
| disease with muscular weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of motor neurons of the spinal cord. Lou Gehrigs disease |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital condition in which the meninges protrude through an opening the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital condition in which the meninges and spinal cord protrude through an opening in the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| viral inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital defect in the walls of the spinal canal in which the laminae of the vertebra do not meet or close. |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to the spinal cord as a result of trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| one-sided facial paralysis due to inflammation of the facial nerve, probably viral nature. |
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Term
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Definition
| disease of the nervous system in which nerves lose their myelin covering |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which there is extreme weakness and numbness due to loss of myelin insulation to form nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| disease with severe muscular weakness and fatigue due to insufficient neurotransmitter at a synapse |
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Term
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Definition
| eruption of painful blisters on the body along a nerve path. |
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Term
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Definition
| mass of blood in the space outside the dura mater of the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| mass of blood forming beneath the dura mater if the meninges are torn by trauma. |
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Term
| cerebrospinal fluid analysis |
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Definition
| lab exam of the clear, watery, colorless fluid from within the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray of the blood vessels of the brain after the injection of radiopaque dye. |
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Term
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Definition
| recording of the ultrasonic echoes of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| injection of radiopaque dye into the spinal canal. |
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Term
| positron emission tomography |
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Definition
| use of positive radionuclides to reconstruct brain sections. |
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Term
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Definition
| reflex test to determine lesions and abnormalities in the nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| recording the electrical activity of the brain by placing electrodes at various positions on the scalp. |
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Term
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Definition
| puncture with a needle into the lumbar area to withdraw fluid for examination and for the injection of anethesia. |
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Term
| nerve conduction velocity |
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Definition
| test that measures how fast an impulse travels along a nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| injection of regional anesthetic to stop the passage of sensory or pain impulses along a nerve path. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical procedure for removing an obstruction within the carotid artery. |
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Term
| cerebrospinal fluid shunts |
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Definition
| surgical procedure in which a bypass is created to drain cerebrospinal fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of a portion of a vertebra in order to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical interruption of a nerve tract in the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| non narcotic medication to treat minor to moderate pain |
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Term
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Definition
| drug to produce a loss of sensation or a loss of consciousness |
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Term
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Definition
| group of medications to treat Parkinson's disease by either replacing the dopamine that is lacking or increasing the strength of the dopamine that is present. |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that reduces the excitability of neurons and therefore prevents the uncontrolled neuron activity associated with seizures. |
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Definition
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Definition
| drug used to treat severe pain |
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Definition
| drug that has a relaxing or calming effect |
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