Term
| What is the most common cause of endocarditis? |
|
Definition
| Vegetations from pathogens |
|
|
Term
| What are very rare non-bacterial endocarditis cases usually a result of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of valvular heart disease has the highest risk of developing endocarditis? |
|
Definition
| MVP - Mitral Valve Prolapse |
|
|
Term
| Which type of endocarditis develops gradually over a period of months and usually affects an already damaged heart? |
|
Definition
| Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis |
|
|
Term
| Which pathogen is the most common cause of Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of endocarditis develops very rapidly causing significant valve damage and occur in pts with normal and damaged hearts? |
|
Definition
| Acute Bacterial Endocarditis |
|
|
Term
| Which pathogen is the most common cause of Acute Bacterial Endocarditis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two causes of a new heart murmur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are splinter hemorrhages, Osler nodes and Janeway Lesions a sign of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the MAJOR Endocarditis Duke criteria? |
|
Definition
1) 2 positive blood cultures
2) Evidence on Echo of: Vegetation, Abscess or Dehiscence of a prosthetic valve |
|
|
Term
| What are the minor Duke criteria for endocarditis? |
|
Definition
1) Predisposing Condition
2) Fever > 38 degrees C (100.4 F)
3) Immunologic signs (glomerulonephritis, Osler nodes, Roth spots, rheumatoid factor)
4) 1 positive blood culture
5) Positive echo not meeting major criteria |
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic do you give for Strep (Subacute Endocarditis)? |
|
Definition
PCN 2 to 4 million units IV q4h x 4 weeks
or Cephtriaxone 2g qd IV or IM x 4 weeks |
|
|
Term
| What do you give to tx Enterococci endocarditis infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tx do you give for a Staphylococcus bacterial endocarditis infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who should receive prophylactic antibiotic tx for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis? |
|
Definition
-pts c prosthetic valve or material in heart
- pts with hx of infective endocarditis
- pts w/ congenital heart dx
- pts w/cardiac transplant |
|
|
Term
| What does an antithrombotic med do? |
|
Definition
| inhibit platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
| What does a thrombolytic agent do? |
|
Definition
| degrades clots that have already formed |
|
|
Term
| Which drug binds to antithrombin III, inhibiting Factor Xa which inhibits formation of thrombin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug antagonize Vitamin K, inhibits Vitamin K dependant factors (II, VII, IX, X) and is used as a long term therapy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug prevents formation of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins which inhibits platelet aggregation? |
|
Definition
|
|
