Term
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Definition
not a type of aneurysm
most common in thoracic aorta - result in tear in the intimal lining of arterial wall |
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Term
| tear in intimal lining allows..? |
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Definition
| blood to "track" between intima media & creates a false lumen of blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
pain: sudden, severe pain in anterior part of chest or intrascapular pain radiating down spine to abd or legs
described as tearing or ripping
may mimic MI |
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Term
| if aortic arch involved in aortic dissection then? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| peripheral arterial disease |
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Term
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Definition
hypertension
obesity
diabetes
--exacerbated in smokers bc of vasoconstriction |
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Term
PAD - arterial insufficiency
presentation |
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Definition
ulcers at toes and deep
pain - claudication
cool feet
absent pulses
hair loss, thickened toe nails
dependent rubor - red when legs down, pale when legs up
neuro - numbness and tingling |
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Term
| The 6 P's for PAD accute occlusion |
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Definition
Pain
Pallor
Pulselessness
Paresthesia
Paralysis
And now #6 poiklothermia (coolness) |
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Term
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Definition
asymptomatic
bruit may be heard in larger arteries, decreased or absent pedal pulses |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| improving blood flow to tissue |
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Term
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Definition
drugs
Angioplasty, atherectomy, bypass OR
Ulcer management |
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Term
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Definition
| exercise, positioning (keeping legs dependent), warmth, adequate fluids |
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Term
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Definition
Deep vein thrombosis
Valve insufficiency |
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Term
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Definition
DVT
Venous stasis ulcers
Spread of infection |
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Term
| medical therapies for PVD |
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Definition
Ulcer management—Accuzyme to debride
Edema management |
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Term
PVD
impaired skin integrity |
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Definition
TED, SCD’s
Positioning—upright unless CHF
Ulcer management |
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Term
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Definition
Formerly bacterial endocarditis
Infective agent introduced and causes infection of endocardium
Inflammation causes platelets and fibrin to adhere
A vegetative lesion develops
The endocardium and valves are destroyed |
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Term
| endocarditis bacteria is usually.. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Oral cavity (dental, piercing)
Skin openings ( & piercing)
Other infections (skin, GU, GI)
Surgery, invasive procedures |
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Term
| those at risk for endocarditis |
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Definition
IV drug abusers
Valve surgery
Cardiac defects |
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Term
endocarditis presentation
key sign |
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Definition
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Term
endocarditis presentation
other s/s |
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Definition
CHF—right sided
Arterial embolization
Petechiae
splinter hemorrhage
Osler’s nodes (small, raised, tender areas usually in pads of fingers and toes),
Roth’s spots (round retinal fibrin spots—can lead to hemorrhage),
Janeways’ lesions (painless, red/blue areas on palms and soles)
Splenomegaly
Clubbed fingers |
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Term
| medical therapeutics - endocarditis |
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Definition
Antibiotics for bacterial infections
-4-6 weeks
-Usually penicillin derivative
Antipyretics
NSAIDS
Valve and heart repair |
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Term
| decreased cardiac output intervention |
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Definition
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Term
| altered tissue perfusion intervention |
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Definition
| antiplatelets and anticoagulants |
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Term
| endocarditis pain interventions |
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Definition
position over bed table
NSAIDS |
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Term
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Definition
A collection of air around in the pleural cavity.
-Air is between the lung and chest wall
“Collapsed Lung” |
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Term
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Definition
Closed/Spontaneous
Open/Sucking
Tension
Hemothorax and Chylothorax |
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Term
pneumothorax types:
Closed/Spontaneous |
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Definition
COPD blebs, mechanical ventilation, CVC insertion, broken ribs, trauma
Air goes into chest cavity during inspiration, exits during expiration |
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Term
pneumothorax types:
Open/Sucking |
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Definition
Penetrating trauma, surgery
Air goes into chest cavity during inspiration, exits during expiration |
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Term
pneumothorax types:
Tension |
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Definition
Same as open/sucking
Air goes into chest cavity during inspiration, but does NOT exit during expiration.
Emergency |
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Term
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Definition
Tachycardia – oxygenation is low so the heart is trying to compensate
Increased respiratory rate
Cyanosis – not getting enough oxygen
Anxiety – particularly in a tension
Mental status changes – not getting oxygen to the brain
Activity intolerance – oxygen supply and demand are off
Absent lung sounds on affected side – no sounds during inspiration on that side |
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Term
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Definition
Deviated trachea (collapsed r lung then deviated to left
JVD- all that air is strangling everything and the blood gets backed up
Muffled heart tones
Subcutaneous emphysema - air in the subq tissues – feels like rice crispies
Narrowed pulse pressure - smaller margin…
Severely compromised cardiac function |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pneumothorax nursing diagnosis |
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Definition
Impaired gas exchange
Risk for decreased cardiac output
Pain
Risk for infection – from pneumonia
Fear/Anxiety |
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Term
| pneumothorax medical interventions |
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Definition
Needle decompression (large bore needle to relieve pressure)
Chest tubes
O2 support
Cardiac support
-Vasopressors - causing constriction of blood vessels
-Inotropes - help with muscle contraction |
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Term
| pneumothorax nursing interventions |
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Definition
positon - keep upright
diversion - antianxiety meds
cover wound with vented dressing
CT care
calming technique |
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Term
| to treat angina you want to.. |
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Definition
| increase supply and decrease demand |
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Term
| no oxygen in the body causes... |
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Definition
| the body to go in into anaerobic, creating lactic acid, which causes the pain |
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