Term
| What is the central dogma of molecular biology? |
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Definition
| DNA----(transcription)--> RNA-----(translation)---> Protein |
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Term
| What is the difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside? |
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Definition
nucleoside=w/ attached sugar
nucleotide=w/o attached sugar |
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Term
| What are the primary differences between DNA and RNA? |
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Definition
DNA=deoxyribonucleic acid, more stable, no OH at 2nd carbon on sugar, longer than RNA, double stranded, base pairs include GCTA
RNA= single stranded, shorter than DNA, more unstable, form complex tertiary structure, unstable, base pairs include GCUA |
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Term
| What are phosphodiester linkages? |
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Definition
| A bond between the 3' carbon on the previous nucleotide's sugar molecule and the 5' carbon on the next nucleotide's sugar molecule connected by a phosphate group in the center. |
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Term
| Which nitrogenous bases are purines? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? |
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Definition
| Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil |
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Term
| An adenosine with 2 attached phosphates would be called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| UMP is a molecule with a ____ nucleoside and ___ (number) of phosphates attached. |
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Definition
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Term
| A guanosine nucleoside with three phosphates attached is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A deoxyuridine diphosphate (uridine nucleoside with 2 attached phosphates) |
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Term
| How many hydrogen bonds form between A and T base pairs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which base pairs have the most hydrogen bonds? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many hydrogen bonds form between G and C base pairs? |
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Definition
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Term
A random mutation in a gene converts an adenine to a guanine. In subsequent offspring, the Tm of the respective DNA molecule is:
a) Lower
b) Higher
c) Unchanged |
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Definition
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Term
| Two DNA molecules of the exact same base pair sequence are placed in different solutions. Solution A contains a salt concentration of 5M and is 20 degrees C. Solution B contains a salt concentration of 1M and 20 degrees C. Which DNA molecule will denature faster, the one in Solution A or Solution B? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many base pairs are in a single turn of a DNA strand? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the most common DNA conformation?
A) A-DNA
B) B-DNA
C) Z-DNA |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the length of a single turn of B-DNA? |
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Definition
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Term
| Polymeric regions of which nucleotides cause bending in the DNA molecule? |
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Definition
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Term
Increasing which of the following will lower the Tm of a DNA molecule?
a) Salt concentration, G-C content, pH
b) heat, salt concentration, G-C content
c) heat, pH |
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Definition
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Term
| What different types of RNA are located within a cell? |
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Definition
| Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Messenger RNA (mRNA), and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) |
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Term
| What is the molecular structure of guanine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the molecular structure of adenine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the molecular structure of cytosine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the molecular structure of uracil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the molecular structure of thymine? |
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Definition
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