Term
| Provided numerical or graphical data on drug response, determine the EC50 and Emax. |
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Definition
| The EC50 is the 1/2 way point. The Emax is the very top of the curve. |
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Term
| Provided graded dose-response curves, identify differences in drug response based on potency, efficacy, slope, or variability. |
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Definition
Potency: A curve to the left is more potent that a curve to the right.
Efficacy: How high the curve goes (i.e. the Emax). A higher curve has a higher efficacy.
Slope: A steeper slope will be more sensitive to changes.
Variability: can only be determined when there are multiple samples. |
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Term
| Define and calculate the therapeutic index of a drug. |
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Definition
| Calculated as the ratio of dose (or concentration) required to cause toxicity in 50% of the population divided by the dose (or concentration) required to achieve the desired therapeutic effect in 50% of the population. The larger the therapeutic index, the more safely we can make dosage adjustments. |
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Term
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Definition
| the intensity of pharmacological effect, the maximal efficacy is expressed as Emax |
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Term
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Definition
| the dose or concentration of drug needed to achieve an effect of specific intensity, most commonly, comparison of potency is made by determining the dose or concentration needed to achieve 50% of the maximal effect |
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Term
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Definition
| when maximal response occurs with occupancy of less than 100% of available receptors, there are said to be spare receptors |
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