Term
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Definition
-transduce physical or chemical stimuli into signals that are transmittable and interpretable -Most are modified neurons,
specialized for detecting different kinds of
stimuli, such as pressure, heat, or light |
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Term
membrane receptor
proteins |
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Definition
detect a stimulus and respond by
altering the flow of ions across the plasma
membrane |
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Term
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Definition
include the sensory cells, the
associated structures, and the neuronal networks that
process the information |
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Term
| ionotropic sensory detection |
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Definition
the receptor protein
itself is part of the ion channel and, by changing its
conformation, opens or closes the channel pore |
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Term
| metabotropic sensory detection |
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Definition
| the receptor protein is linked to a G protein that activates a cascade of intracellular events that eventually open or close ion channels. |
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Term
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Definition
generate action potentials
directly. An example is the crayfish stretch
receptor. |
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Term
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Definition
| generate action potentials indirectly by inducing the release of neurotransmitter. |
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Term
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Definition
-when sensory cells respond less when
stimulation is repeated -The ability of animals to ignore continuous
stimuli while remaining sensitive to changing
stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
-the sense of smell, depends on chemoreceptors. -In vertebrates, olfactory sensors are neurons
embedded in a layer of epithelial cells at the top of the nasal cavity -The axons of these sensors project to the olfactory bulb of the brain |
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Term
| olfactory receptor protein |
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Definition
each protein binds to particular odorant molecules, which activates a G protein. The G protein then activates an enzyme that increases the level of the second messenger cAMP. cAMP opens a Ca2+ channel.Ca2+ leads to opening of a Cl- channel which
depolarizes the membrane and an action potential is
fired. |
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Term
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Definition
| genes that have mutations |
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