Term
| Immune Surveillance Theory |
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Definition
| Cancer cells arise frequently in the body, but they are recognized as foreign and are eliminated by the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| Any foreign material to which the immune system can respond |
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Term
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Definition
Tumor antigens are proteins characteristic of a particular type of tumor cell that may have therapeutic applications
Example - Coat Protein found on type 16 and 18 HPV |
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Term
| Tumor Associated Antigens (TAA) |
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Definition
| Normal cellular proteins that are expressed at low levels on normal cells and higher levels on tumor cells. |
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Term
| Structure of Antibody Molecule |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Antibodies cloned from a single antibody producing cell.
Therapeutic Applications in breast, ovarian and colon cancer,
Diagnostic Applications: PSA (Prostate specific Antigen) and Colon Cancer Antigen |
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Term
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Definition
Resistance that is not aquired by contact with antigen.
Examples:
1)Physical Barriers (skin, mucus membrane)
2)Cytokines (tumor necrosis factor, fever)
3) Inflammatory response (chronic can lead to cancer)
4) Natural Killer Cells |
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Term
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Definition
| [image]
The grey mammalian cell becomes coated with antibody molecules that recognize and bind antigens (red) on the cell surface. A type of lymphocyte called a NK cell uses its Fc (bind to IG after attachment to antigen) cell surface receptors to bind the constant regions of the coating antibody molecules. This binding results in activation of the cell, which destroys the target cell by releasing cytotoxic granules. |
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Term
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Definition
| [image]
APC phagocytosis of antigen and present fragments to T helper cells, which activate B cells which produce anitbody. These are called plasma cells and secrete anitbody.Presentation of fragments could also activate cytotoxic t cells.
Helper T cells have no cytotoxic or phagocytic activity; and cannot kill infected cells or clear pathogens, but, in essence "manage" the immune response, by directing other cells to perform these tasks.
[image]
[image] |
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Term
| Generating Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) |
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Definition
CD8 Cells from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.
1) Culture in tissue culture for 2 weeks with growth factors
2) Add autologous (self) Ag presenting cells pulsed with MAGE peptides or recombinant Vaccinnia Virus + growth Factors.
3) 3-5 weeks later test for CTL |
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Term
| Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes |
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Definition
T/B cells that can attack tumors.
In vitro stimulated TIL can kill MAGE anitgen expressing lung tumor cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Released by T helper cells to facilitate the development and activation of B cells and Tc cells. Interluekin-4 is used for B cells where interferon(gamma) is used for Tc cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Kill their targets though two methods.
1) Release Perforin, which punches holes in plasma membrane, through which granzymes can enter, which cleave and thefore activate pro-apototic caspases.
2) Present ligand (FasL) to the Fas receptor. This activates the Fas death receptors which activate the apoptotic pathway. |
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