Term
|
Definition
Sum of biochemical reactions within the cells of an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Breaks down molecules and releases energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Synthesizes molecules and uses energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produced in catabolic reactions and used to synthesize all organic compounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electrons are added to reaction - +2H or -O |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Molecule that donates and electron; if hydrogen – reaction is called dehydrogenation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy from light, carbon from CO2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Energy from inorganic redox reaction, carbon from CO2 |
|
|
Term
Important elections carrier molecules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Addition of phosphate to a molecule, used to form ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. H+ -ATPase 2. Substrate-level phosphorylation |
|
|
Term
Substrate-level phosphorylation |
|
Definition
Requires sacrifice of a chemical bond that has higher energy than the high energy bond of ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Substrate activation (used to attach amino acids to tRNA molecules) power cellular motion (flagella rotation, muscle fibers contract) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Make energy via redox reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increase rates of chemical reaction and are not permanently changed in the process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Organic catalysts, named for their substrates (molecules on which they act) – most are proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protein plus additional organic or inorganic molecules that are closely associated with the protein |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Portions of enzymes that require one or more cofactors (or coenzymes if organic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small molecule that binds to an enzyme and helps to produce the catalytic activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Places of the enzyme that substrates fit into in order to catalyze the reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
3 phosphate groups on adenosine, energy molecule of cells, energy released when it loses a phosphate to form ADP + free phosphate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Block active sites and block enzyme activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Splitting of a glucose molecule in a three stage, 10 step process – end result being two molecules of pyruvic acid and +2 ATP, +2 NADH molecules, costs 2 ATPs to start |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Series of reactions that result in the complete oxidation of (2) pyruvate to (6) CO2 8 molecules NAD+ reduced to NADH 2 ATPs are produced by substrate level phosphorylation |
|
|