Term
| what is the main purpose of enzymes |
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Definition
| to lover the energy of activation for a reaction |
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Term
in a reaction what DON"T enzymes change?
what do they change? |
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Definition
they don't change the amount of product
they do change the speed/ease of reaction |
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Term
| In a reaction what is delta G |
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Definition
| total change in energy (Gibbs free energy) |
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Term
| what is the molecule that an enzyme reacts on? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the two theories of the substrate-enzyme complex? what is most widely accepted |
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Definition
lock and key
induced fit: most widely accepted |
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Term
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Definition
| nonprotein molecule that activates the catalyst |
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Term
| what are the two main types of enzymes? |
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Definition
apoenzymes: no cofactor
holoenzymes: cofactor |
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Term
| what are tightly bound cofactors called? |
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Definition
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Term
| two main types of cofactors |
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Definition
1. small metal cations
2. coenzymes (small organic molecules) |
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Term
| maximal reaction velocity |
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Definition
| when you have a high conc of enzyme and a low conc of substrate and you increase the substrate....the rxn reaches maximal velocity |
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Term
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Definition
| high point of rxn coordinate |
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Term
| Theory that describes enzymative rxns |
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Definition
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Term
| what temperature and pH do most enzymes prefer? |
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Definition
| about neutral pH and higher temperature |
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Term
| what are the two ways to regulate enzymatic rxns? |
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Definition
allosteric effects
inhibition |
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Term
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Definition
| 2+ active sites. Has active and inactive shape. |
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Term
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Definition
| The two types of regulators (inhibitor/activator) induce the active or inactive shape of an allosteric enzyme |
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Term
| where do regulators bind? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| feedback, reversible, irreversible |
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Term
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Definition
| when the product of a rxn inhibits part of the rxn. helps avoid over-production of a product. |
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Term
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Definition
| rxn with weak enzyme-inhibitor complex that is easily reversed |
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Term
| two types of reversible inhibition |
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Definition
1. competitive:when the inhibitor competes for the active site.
2. noncompetitive: when the inhibitor binds to an allosteric site--not active site. |
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Term
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Definition
| when permanent damage is done to the active site by a really tightly bound inhibitor or a denaturing of an enzyme |
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