Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| moles = grams/atomic or molecular weight |
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Term
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Definition
Left side of metalloids
Large atoms that tend to lose electrons to form cations. |
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Term
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Definition
Right side of metalloids.
Diverse appearances and chemical behaviors.
Lower melting points than metals.
Form negative ions.
Form covalent oxides. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Effective nuclear charge (Z_eff) |
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Definition
| Amount of charge felt by the second electron by the nucleus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases Down to the Left. |
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Term
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Definition
Energy necessary to detach an electron from the nucleus.
Increases Up and to the Right |
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Term
| Second Inonization Energy |
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Definition
| Energy for the removal of a second electron. |
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Term
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Definition
Tendancy of an atom to attract an electron in a bond that it shares with another atom.
Increases to the Right and Up. |
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Term
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Definition
Willingness of an atom to accept an additional electron.
The energy released when an electron is added to a gaseous atom.
Increases to the Right and Up. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases to the Left and Down. |
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Term
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Definition
Two molecules share two electrons.
The negatively charged electrons are pulled toward both postively charged nuclei by electrostatic forces. |
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Term
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Definition
| The reduced ratio of atoms in a compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| The exact number of elemental atoms in a compound. |
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Term
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Definition
Bond formed by a cation and anion.
Metal and Nonmetal. |
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Term
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Definition
Double Displacement Reaction
AB+CD-->AD+CB |
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Term
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Definition
| Oppositely charged ions held together by electrostatic forces. (Salts) |
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Term
| Network Covalent Crystals |
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Definition
| Consist of an infinite network of atoms held together by polar and nonpolar bonds. (Diamond, crystal SiO2) |
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Term
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Definition
Principal Number, n
Azimuthal Number, l
Magnetic Number, m
Electron Spin Number, m_s |
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Term
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Definition
n
designates the shell level
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Term
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Definition
l
designates the subshell
These are the orbital shapes
l=n-1
s=0, p=1, etc |
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Term
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Definition
m_l
Designates the precise orbital of a given subshell.
-l to l
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pauli Exclusions Principle |
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Definition
| No two electrons in the same atom can have the same four Quantum numbers. |
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Term
| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle |
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Definition
| There is an inherent uncertainty in the product of the position of a particle and its momentum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrons add to the lowest energy state first. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrons fill the orbital of a subshell in order. |
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Term
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Definition
Electromagnetic energy is quantitized.
E_photon = hf
(h = Planck's constant, 6.6x10^-34 J) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Energy of a single photon |
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Definition
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Term
| Wave characteristic equation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| All intermolecular bonding is via electrostatic forces. |
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Term
| Van der Waals interactions |
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Definition
Rely on temporary induced dipoles.
Weaker than dipole-dipole interaction. |
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Term
| Dipole-Dipole Interaction |
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Definition
Stronger than Van der Waals interactions.
May be due to permanent dipoles. |
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Term
| Electron Affinity change with atomic number |
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Definition
| Increases (becomes more exothermic) to the right and up. |
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Term
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Definition
Molarity = Density/MW
= moles/volume |
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Term
| The molarity of gases are equivalent at the same temperature and pressure. |
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Definition
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