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MB 480
Parasitology
47
Microbiology
Undergraduate 4
05/08/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Linguatala serrata
Definition
A pentastome (aka "tongue worm") that causes pentastomiasis. If humans are int. host - visceral; if humans are def. host - pharyngeal.
Term
Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus
Definition
An acanthocephala (aka "spiny-headed worms") that causes acanthocephaliasis in pigs; perferation of SI.
Term
Macracanthorhynchus ingens
Definition
An acanthocephala (aka "spiny-headed worms") that causes infections in dogs through paratenic, snake hosts.
Term
Profilicollis spp.
Definition
Alters crab behavior, selected by gulls, feed only to young, affects chicks.
Term
Corynosoma constrictum
Definition
Absorb pigment - ducks selectively pick out orange crustacean (int. host)
Term
Polymorphus minutus
Definition
Causes amphipods to swim upwards and cling to surface material - selected by ducks.
Term
Luecochloridium spp.
Definition
Change in snails tentacle causing birds to eat them.
Term
Dicrocoelium dendriticum
Definition
Cercaria found in snail slime, sought out by ant; ant gets infected in brain by metacercaria cysts; causes ant to hang out on top of grass blade, eaten by cow.
Term
Myxobolus cerebralis
Definition
A salmonoid myxozoan. Causes cranial/spinal deformities (which is the cause of whirling disease) and darkened tail.
Term
Ceratomyxa shasta
Definition
A salmonoid myxozoan. Causes abdominal swelling. Different genotypes affect different species of fish differently.
Term
Kudoa thysites
Definition
A marine myxozoan and a multivalvulida (with 4 spores/valves) - causes tissue degradation affecting seafood industry. (Also part of Histozoic spp. group).
Term
Soricimxxum fergati
Definition
First terrestrial myxozoan (Polish shrews). Get infected by eating worms; causes liver/bile duct inflammation.
Term
Myxidium anatidum
Definition
Duck myxozoan that causes bile duct inflammation.
Term
Myxosporea
Definition
Released by fish ingested by annelid; myxospore infective unit is sporoplasm - penetrates epidermis; actinospore is a different structure that physically contacts fish gills
Term
Histozoic spp.
Definition
Part of Myxosporea class, contains Kudoa spp., appears as cysts (intercellular) wedged between tissue or (intracellular) within the cell.
Term
Coelozoic spp.
Definition
Part of Myxosporea class, contains Chloromyxum spp., appear in cavities of body organs (urinary tract, gall bladder)
Term
Bivalvuida (order)
Definition
Part of class Myxosporea. Found in marine and freshwater habitats. Have 2 valves/spores and 2 polar capsules.
Term
Multivalvulida (order)
Definition
Part of Myxosporea class. Found in marine habitats only. More than 2 valves/spores; polar capsules = # valves; generally intracellular.
Term
Malacosporea (class)
Definition
Parasites of freshwater bryozoans.
Term
Buddenbrockia plumatellae
Definition
Part of Malacosporea. Causes interesting responses (facilitative colonization) to bryozoans.
Term
Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae
Definition
Part of Malacosporea. Causes proliferative kidney disease (PKD); which develops in kidneys and causes swelling of kidneys and spleen.
Term
Eimeria spp.
Definition
A monoxenous Coccidia with a 4 sporocysts:2 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes acute gastroenteritis in young animals.
Term
Cyclospora cayetanesis
Definition
A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:2 sporozoites oocyst organization. Humans get this from SA raspberries and causes watery diarrhea and more severe in HIV patients.
Term
Isospora belli
Definition
A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes gastrointestinal distress to disentery in animals. Not zoonotic.
Term
Isospora suis
Definition
A monoxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Infects young piglets.
Term
Cryptospoidium spp. (3 species discussed, they infect?)
Definition
A monoxenous Coccidia with a 0 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Overall, a broad host range that causes cryptosporidiosis (gastroenteritis). C parvum (infects everything), C. hominus (just humans, C. andersoni (causes cryptosporidiosis in cattle).
Term
Sarcocystis (neurona) spp.
Definition
A heteroxenous Coccidia with a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. Causes human intestinal disease, diarrhea; and human muscle disease, tenderness; S. neurona is a common problem of Oregon horses (dead end host) - causes nervous system problems
Term
Neospora caninum
Definition
A heteroxenous Coccidia which has a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoites oocyst organization. causes abortion in cattle, sheep, horses.
Term
Toxoplasma gandii
Definition
A heteroxenous Coccidia which has a 2 sporocysts:4 sporozoties oocyst organization. Cats get parasites from mouse, pass to human from litter box, causes many things to developing fetus including hydrocephalus.
Term
Babesia microti
Definition
A Piroplasma that is transmitted by a tick (Ixodes) vector. Causes babesiosis or hemolytic anemia.
Term
Babesia canis
Definition
A Piroplasma blood Apicomplexa. In US most common strain is vogeli subspecies. The NA vector is the brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus). In US, typically asymptomatic.
Term
Babesia divergens
Definition
A zoonotic Piroplasma that infects adult cattle preferentially to calves.
Term
Babesia bigemina
Definition
A Piroplasma that used to be a concern in the US (still is is Mexico), but eradicated thanks to tick riders. Causes hemoglobinuria (very high mortality rate). Rhipicephalus spp. vector.
Term
Plasmodium spp.
Definition
Blood Apicomplexa that cause malaria. Differ in geographic range and virulence, but also morphology of specific stages.
Term
Plasmodium falciparum
Definition
A Plasmodium: Was cosmopolitan, now primarily tropics and subtropics, most virulent.
Term
Plasmodium vivax
Definition
A Plasmodium: most widespread, temperate habitats, found in Asia (mostly)
Term
Plasmodium ovale
Definition
Rarest, confined to tropics (esp. coast of W. Africa).
Term
Plasmodium malariae
Definition
Cosmopolitan - but not continuous - infects chimpanzees too.
Term
Name the four methods for measuring parasite associated mortality. (...; decrease in ...; decrease in ...; compare ...)
Definition
Necropsy; prevalence over time; variance over time; observed frequency to projected frequency of lightly infected individuals.
Term
Tumor promotion in Schistosoma haematobium
Definition
Causes bladder cancer through fibrosis
Term
Tumor promotion in Opisthorchis viverrini
Definition
Causes cholangiocarcinoma via a cascade that causes DNA mutations
Term
Tumor promotion in Spirocera lupi
Definition
Causes fibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma in dogs
Term
Tumor promotion in Ollulanus tricuspis
Definition
"Stomach worms of cats"; cause adenocarcinoma
Term
Tumor promotion in Psuedocapillaria tomentosa
Definition
Acts as a tumor promoter in many species of fish
Term
Giardia lamblia
Definition
A flagellate that does not penetrate. Causes epigastric pain; assemblage A/B are broad host reservoirs (incl. humans); assemblage C/D only for dogs
Term
Trichomonas vaginalis
Definition
A flagellate that has no cyst stage (only trophozoite); venereal disease (mostly) - causes green/yellow frothy vaginal secretions
Term
Tritrichomonas foetus
Definition
A flagellate that is transmitted sexually (usually). (Bovine) causes infertility and abortions. (Feline) causes GI infections and diarrhea in kittens.
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