Term
|
Definition
Word (literally)
The method of using logical discourse (speech) to unravel the mysteries of the universe |
|
|
Term
| What was the scientific practice was Thales the first to introduce? |
|
Definition
| reductionism-like peeling down the layers until you come down to one thing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of morals and ethics |
|
|
Term
| Empedocles was the first of the philosophers that rejected the idea that the universe had a single elemental origin. what was this group collectively known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For Empedocles, what two forces guided change in the universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first theory of _________ developed out of Empedocle's theories. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anaxagoras theorized that all creation was composed of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What force did Anaxagoras say was the organizing force of the universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leucippus and Democritus thought that all creation was composed of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do we call the group of Athenian philosophers who were more concerned with winning arguments than with the truth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 shared characteristics between Thales,Anaximander, and Anaximenes? |
|
Definition
1.) desire for simple explanations
2.) reliance on observation to support theories
3.) commitment to naturalism
4.) monism-the view that there is ultimately only one kind of stuff |
|
|
Term
| What ended the work of the philosophers of Miletus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did Pythagoras theorize that the universe would be explained? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What substance did Heraclitus symbolically link all creation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nickname was applied to Heraclitus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complete the the Heraclitus quote: "Conflict is _______ ". |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complete the Heraclitus quote:"_______is the father and king of all". |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complete the Heraclitus quote: "You can never step in the same river __________". |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What characteristics did Parmenides ascribe to creation? |
|
Definition
| Being is uncreated, indescructible,unchanging, and unmoving. |
|
|
Term
| What was the name of the method of winning arguments used by Zeno of Elea to "prove" that all motion was impossible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The belief in mystical, magical, or religious forces that govern the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| theory of correct inference |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between a scientific and philosophical question? |
|
Definition
Science= experimental approach
Philosophers=conceptual analysis |
|
|
Term
| All PreSocatic philosophers are understood through the prism of what ancient writer and philosopher's work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Protagoras mean when he says "homo mensura?" |
|
Definition
| ="man is the measure." ->all is relative, no absolutes; man determines the value of things. |
|
|
Term
| List the three theses of Gorgias: a.)________ b.)_________ c.)__________ |
|
Definition
| a.) There is nothing. b.) If there were anything, no one could know it. c.)If anyone did know it, they could not communicate it. |
|
|
Term
| For Thrasymachus, morality was reducible to a struggle for power. What quote embodies this concept? |
|
Definition
| "Justice is in the interest of the stronger" (modern translation= "Might makes right") |
|
|
Term
| What are the four classic elements which most greeks believed the world to be made of? |
|
Definition
| fire, earth, air, and water |
|
|
Term
| What did Thales conjecture was the unifying element that formed the basis of the universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What scientific practice was Thales the first to introduce? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Aniximander's main problem with theory of Thales? |
|
Definition
| If water destroys it's opposite, how can it BE it's opposite! |
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific term for when things seek a state of equilibrium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Anaximander propose as the origin of all things? |
|
Definition
| "The Boundless" (Apeiron) |
|
|
Term
| For Animander, creation was an act of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Ex nihilo nihil" was a phrase used to criticize Anaximander by others - What does it mean? |
|
Definition
| it means that nothing can come from nothing (trans.= "from nothing nothing) |
|
|
Term
| To Anaximenes, what was the basic composition of the universe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes are collectively known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When offered a choice between death and exile, why did Socrates choose death? |
|
Definition
| He wanted to die a martyr for truth. |
|
|
Term
| Finish this quote: "The unexamined life ________________________________." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was Socrates' most famous student? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name of the first formal school of philosophy, founded in Athens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name of the famous allegory used to explain why the ideas of Socrates had been so violently rejected? |
|
Definition
| (Plato's) Allegory of the Cave |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Believing in no value system |
|
|
Term
| Why did the oracle at Delphi say that Socrates was the wisest man in Greece? |
|
Definition
| He knew that he knows nothing. |
|
|
Term
| What,for Socrates, was the most important thing to seek out through discourse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For what crime was Socrates put on trial? |
|
Definition
| "Corrupting the youth of Athens." |
|
|
Term
| What did Socrates say his punishment should be? |
|
Definition
| that there should be a statue of him in the middle of Athens. and that he should live in a mansion and be fed so he could live a long lion. |
|
|
