Gluteus Maximus

Origin: Coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

Insertion:  Iliotibal tract and gluteal tuberosity

Actions:    All fibers - Extend hip, Laterally rotate hip, Abduct hip

Lower Fibers - Adduct hip

Gluteus Medius

Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

Insertion:  Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

Action: 

All Fibers - Abduct hip

Anterior Fibers - Flex hip, Medially rotate hip

Posterior Fibers - Extend hip, Laterally rotate hip

Gluteus Minimus

Origin: Gluteal surface of the ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Insertion:  Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

Action:  Abduct hip, Medially rotate hip, Flex hip

Gracilis

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis

Insertion:  Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon

Action: 

All Adductors - Adduct hip, Medially rotate hip

Gracilis - Flex the knee, Medially rotate the flexed knee

Adductor Longus

Origin: Pubic tubercle

Insertion:  Medial lip of linea aspera

Action: 

All Adductors - Adduct hip, Medially rotate hip

All Adductors but gracilis- Assist to flex hip

Pectineus

Origin: Superior ramus of pubis

Insertion:  Pectineal line of femur

Action: 

All Adductors - Adduct hip, Medially rotate hip

All adductors but gracilis - Assist to flex the hip

Adductor Magnus

Origin: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity

Insertion:  Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

Action: 

All Adductors - Adduct hip, Medially rotate hip

All adductors but gracilis - Assist to flex the hip

Tensor fascia latae

Origin: Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS

Insertion:  Iliotibial tract

Action: Flex hip, Abduct hip, Medially rotate hip

Iliotibial band

Origin: Gluteal fascia

Insertion:  Tibial tubercle

Action: Flex hip, Abduct hip, Medially rotate hip

Sartorius

Origin: ASIS

Insertion:  Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

Action: Flex hip, Abduct hip, Laterally rotate hip, Flex knee, Medially Rotate the flexed knee

Rectus Femoris

Origin: AIIS

Insertion:  Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

Action: Extend knee, Flex hip

Vastus Medialis

Origin: Medial lip of linea aspera

Insertion:  Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

Action: Extend knee

Vastus Lateralis

Origin: Lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter

Insertion:  Tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)

Action: Extend knee

Biceps Femoris

Origin:

Long Head - Ischial tuberosity

Short head - Lateral lip of linea aspera

Insertion:  Head of the fibula

Action: Flex knee, Laterally rotate the flexed knee, tilt pelvis posteriorly

Long head- Extend hip, Assist to laterally rotate the hip

Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:  Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

Action: Flex knee, Medially rotate the flexed knee, Extend hip, Tilt pelvis posteriorly, Assist to medially rotate the hip

Semitendinosus

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:  Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

Action: Flex knee, Medially rotate the flexed knee, Extend hip, Tilt pelvis posteriorly, Assist to medially rotate the hip

Gastronemius

Origin: Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces

Insertion:  Calcaneus via calcaneal tedon

Action: Flex knee,  Plantar flex the ankle

Soleus

Origin: Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia; posterior aspect of head of fibula and proximal, posterior surface of tibia

Insertion:  Calcaneus via calcaneal tedon

Action: Plantar flex the ankle

Peroneus longus

Origin: Head of fibula and proximal two thirds of lateral fibula

Insertion:  Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Action: Evert foot, Assist to plantar flex the ankle

Peroneus Brevis

Origin: Distal two thirds of lateral fibula

Insertion:  Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

Action: Evert foot, Assist to plantar flex the ankle

Extensor digitorum brevis

Origin: Dorsal surface of calcaneus

Insertion:  2nd through 4th toes via the extensor digitorum longus tendons

Action: Extend the 2nd through 4th toes

Abductor hallicus

Origin: Medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

Insertion:  Proximal phalanx of first toe

Action: Abduct the first toe, Assist to flex first toe

Abductor digiti minimi

Origin: Lateral process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

Insertion:  Proximal phalanx of fifth toe

Action: Flex fifth toe, Assist to abduct the fifth toe

Flexor digitorum brevis

Origin:  Medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

Insertion:  Middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes

Action:  Flex middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes