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Marquette
Statistics and Methods
32
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
09/07/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Population
Definition
Th complete set of individuals objects or scores that the investigator is interested in studying
Term
Sample
Definition
a subset of the population, a smaller piece of the population
Term
data
Definition
measurements that are made on the subjects of the experiment
Term
Variable
Definition
any property or characteristic of some event object or person that may have different values
Term
Independent variable
Definition
manipulated by the experimenter
Term
dependent variable
Definition
what the investigator measures to determine the effect of the independent variable.
Term
constant
Definition
never changing
Term
statistic
Definition
number calculated on the sample
Term
parameter
Definition
number calculated on the population
Term
What are the four methods of acquiring knowledge
Definition
Authority, rationalism, intuition, and scientific method
Term
Authority
Definition
Developed from tradition over time. Everyone says the world is round, so we believe it.
Term
Rationalism
Definition
If reasoning is carried out correctly according to the rules of logic the conclusion yields the truth. Dogs need food. The store sells food that says dog food. Therefore i should feed my dog dogfood.
Term
intuition
Definition
Sudden insight that springs into consciousness.
Term
scientific method
Definition
Develops a hypothesis, then designs an experiment to objectively test the hypothesis that can be repeated.
Term
naturalistic observation
Definition
No variables are manipulated. You are observing and trying to not impact the observation as best as possible.
Term
descriptive statistic
Definition
concerned with techniques that are used to describe or characterize the obtained data
Term
inferential statistics
Definition
involves techniques that use the obtained sample data to infer to populations.
Term
continuous variable
Definition
is one that theoretically can have an infinite number of values between adjacent units on the scale
Term
discrete variable
Definition
is one in which there are no possible values between adjacent units on the scale
Term
interval scale
Definition
on in which the units represent raw score magnitudes, there are equal intervals between adjacent units on the scale and there is no absolute zero point. Like a thermometer, 2 degrees in temperature increase is the same between 8 and 10 as 78 and 80 degrees
Term
nominal scale
Definition
one that has categories for the units Lowest level of measurement that are qualitative, like jogging shoes, kinds of fruit, types of music
Term
ordinal scale
Definition
one in which the numbers on the scale represent rank orderings, rather than raw score magnitudes. Like the top 5 rank of contestants in a speech contest
Term
Ratio scale
Definition
is one in which the units represent raw score magnitdes , there are equal intervals between adjacent units on the scale, and there is an absolute zero point.
Term
Real limits of a continuous variable
Definition
are those values that are above and below the recorded value by one-half of the smallest measuring unit of the scale
Term
Summantion
Definition
the sum of all the scores
Term
mean
Definition
the average
Term
mode
Definition
the number most repeated
Term
meadian
Definition
middle number
Term
range
Definition
highest score minus the lowest score
Term
symmetrical curve
Definition
if you can fold it in half and it's the same
Term
positive curve
Definition
up then down the hill like on a bike
Term
negative curve
Definition
up the slope first
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