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Marketing Research
Chapter 8: Observational Research
26
Marketing
Undergraduate 3
03/27/2013

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Term
Observation Research
Definition
Observation research can be defined as the systematic process of recording the behavioral patterns of people, objects, and occurrences without questioning or communicating with them.
Term
Conditions for Using Observation Research
Definition
1. Info must be observable or inferable from behavior that is observable

2.Behavior of interest mest be repetitive or Frequent

3.Behavior must be short in duration.
Term
Observable Situations
Definition
1. People watching people
2.People watching phenomena
3. Machines watching People
4. Machines watching phenomena
Term
Natural Situations
Definition
Researcher plays no role; completely natural situation

(How long a line is, supermarkets…)
Term
Contrived Situations
Definition
Controlled and/or simulated by the researcher.

(fake super markets)
Term
Open Observation
Definition
The process of monitoring people who know they are being watched.
Term
Disguised Observation
Definition
The process of monitoring people, objects, or occurrences that do not know they are being watched (o.w.mirrors)
Term
Unstructured Observation
Definition
Less is known about the situation; the observer notes all behaviors.
Term
Structured Observation
Definition
A study in which the observer fills out a questionnaire-like form or counts the number of times an activity occurs.
Term
Direct Observation
Definition
Observing Current Behavior
Term
Indirect Observation
Definition
Observing evidence of past behavior.
Term
Garbologists
Definition
Researchers who sort through peoples garbage to analyze household consumption patterns
Term
Ethnographic Research
Definition
Study of human behavior in its natural context, involving observation of behavior and physical setting.
Term
mystery shoppers
Definition
People who pose as consumers and shop at a company's own stores or those of its competitors to collect data about the customer-employee interactions and to gather observational data. May also compare prices displays and the like.
Term
One Way Mirror Observation
Definition
Watching behavior from behind a one way mirror.
Term
Audit
Definition
Examination and verification of the sales product
Term
Traffic Counters
Definition
Machines used to measure vehicular flow over a particular stretch of roadways
Term
Electroencephalograph (EEG)
Definition
A machine that measures electrical pulses on the scalp and generates a record of electrical activity in the brain.
Term
Galvanic Skin Response (GSR)
Definition
change in the electric resistance of the skin associated with activation responses

aka electrodermal response
Term
pupilometer
Definition
machine that measures pupil dialation
Term
voice pitch analysis
Definition
Studying changes in the relative vibration frequency of the human voice to measure emotion.
Term
People Reader
Definition
Machine that simultaneously records the respondent's reading material and eye reactions
Term
Portable People Reader
Definition
Device worn by people that measures the radio and tv programming to which the participant exposed during that day.
Term
BehaviorScan
Definition
Scan-based research system that can manipulate the marketing mix for household panels in geographically dispersed markets and then electronically track consumer purchases.
Term
InfoScan Custom Store Tracking
Definition
Scanner-based data system that collects information on consumer packaged goods
Term
Predictive Customer Intelligence
Definition
Modeling surface patterns along with demographic and psychographic data to predict consumer behavior
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