Term
| Organization _____ is the successful implementation of creative ideas in organizations |
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Definition
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Term
| The development of CDs was a source of ____ to companies in the recording industry just as cassette tapes and 8-track tapes had once been |
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Definition
| technological discontinuity |
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Term
| An organization is experiencing __ when it is reluctant to change strategies or competitive practices that have been successful in the past. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ occurs when managers choose an alternative that is good enough, rather than the best possible alternative. |
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Definition
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Term
| The____ approach to managing innovation assumes that innovation is a predicatale process made up of a series of steps and that compressing the times it takes to complete those steps can speed up innovation |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the emotional reaction that can occur when disagreements become personal rather than professional. |
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Definition
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Term
| The two general kinds of trade barriers are___. |
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Definition
| tariff barriers and nontarrif barriers |
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Term
| The positioning strategies identified by Michael Porter are___. |
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Definition
| focus, cost leadership, and differentiation |
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Term
| A technology ____ begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limit and dies as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology. |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a company benefit from planning? |
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Definition
| intensified effort, persistence, direction, and creation of task strategies |
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Term
| Starbucks, the operator of Starbucks coffeehouses, also markets a line of compilation CDs under the brand name Hear Music. The making and marketing of CDs would be an example of___. |
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Definition
| unrelated diversification |
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Term
| An expatriate is someone who___. |
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Definition
| lives and works outside of his or her own country |
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Term
| Patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitive advantage are called ____/ |
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Definition
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Term
| A_____ strategy is a corporate strategy that addresses the question "How should we compete in this industry?" |
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Definition
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Term
| The last step in effective planning is to ____. |
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Definition
| maintain flexibility in planning |
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Term
| The acronym GATT stands for the ____. |
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Definition
| General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
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Term
| a ____ is a nontaxable method of increasing the cost or reducing the volume of imported goods. |
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Definition
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Term
| Planning is ultimately based upon ____. |
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Definition
| choosing a goal and developing a method or strategy to achieve that goal |
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Term
| a ____, also called a SWOT analysis for Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses in an organizations internal environment and the opportunities and threats in its external environment. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged. |
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Definition
| creative work environments |
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Term
| A ___ is the individual who is formally in charge of guiding a change effort. |
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Definition
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Term
| A multinational company that acts with ___ has offices, manufacturing plants, and distribution facilities in different countries which are all run based on the same rules, guidelines, policies, and procedures. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ plans are plans that specify how a company will use resources, budgets, and people to accomplish specific goals within its mission. |
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Definition
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Term
| An organization is experiencing ___ when there is a discrepancy between upper management's intended strategy and the strategy actually implemented by the lower levels of management. |
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Definition
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Term
| The___ is a type of operational plan that saves managers time because it is created once and then used repeatedly to handle frequently recurring events |
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Definition
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Term
| There are three kinds of ___ plans. The are single use plans, standing plans, and budgets. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following methods for managing resistance to change should only be used as a last resort of under crisis conditions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Kodak is a company name associated with photography. The company has recognized that digital photography is a threat to the future growth of a company. Therefore, the company decided to become a market leader in digital imaging. The development of the digital camera forced Kodak into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was a technological ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of planning would be used to create the festivities necessary to celebrate the 100 year anniversary of a furniture manufacturer? |
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Definition
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Term
| A ___ is a statement of a company's purpose or reason for existing. |
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Definition
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Term
| Organizational development ___. |
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Definition
| is a philosophy and collection of planned change interventions |
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Term
| Protectionism is the use of trade barriers to protect local companies and their workers from ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ refers to the production of novel and useful ideas. |
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Definition
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Term
| A company has experience organizational ___ when its form, quality, or condition changes over time. |
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Definition
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Term
| The three steps in the basic process of managing organizational change outlined by Kurt Lewin are ___. |
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Definition
| unfreezing, freezing, and refreezing |
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Term
| The two major approached to corporate-level strategy are__. |
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Definition
| grand strategies and the portfolio stategy |
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Term
| A ___ lists the specific steps, people, resources, and time period for accomplishing a goal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Deutsche Bank became the worlds largest bank through mergers with Bankers Trust, a transatlantic banking operation. Since both banking companies has similar core capabilities, this would be classified as an example of ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the strategies that can be used to minimize or adapt to the political risk inherent to global business? |
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Definition
| control, avoidance, and cooperative strategies |
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Term
| The term ___ refers to the overall organizational strategy that addresses the question "What business or businesses are we in or should we be in?" |
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Definition
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Term
| A manufacturer of suntan lotion could set a ___ goal to increase revenues by 8 percent over the next five years and a __goal to increase sales next June in Miami Beach by 3 percent. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is responsible for the creation of tactical plans? |
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Definition
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Term
| When making travel plans, many tourist have selected Thomas Cook, a british tour operation, because they percieve the tour company as being superior to all others. No other tour service can duplicate the customer service and satisfaction that Thomas Cook has provided over its years of operation. Thomas Cook has apparently created a sustainable competitive advantage by using ___ resources. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ___ is a resource that is impossible or extremely costly or difficult for other firms to duplicate. |
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Definition
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Term
| An organization that has ___, has the assets, capabilites, processes, information, and knowledge, that an organization used to improve its effectiveness and efficiency, to create and sustain competitive advantage, and to fulfill a need or solve a problem. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the extent to which people in a country accept that power is distributed equally in society and organizations. |
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Definition
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Term
| __ is preferred by local managers who are charged with making the international business successful in their countries, which lowers the risk of using procedures that may be poorly suited to their country's market or culture. |
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Definition
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Term
| A cooperative contract is ___ |
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Definition
| an agreement in which a foreign business owner pays a company a fee for the right to conduct that business in his or her own country. |
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Term
| Direct foreign investment occurs when ____ |
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Definition
| a company builds a new business in a foreign country or a company byts an existing business in a foreign country. |
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Term
| Briefly identify the four conditions that must be met if a firm's resources are to be used to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. |
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Definition
Rare Resources
Valuable Resources
Imperfectly imitable resources
non-substitutable resources |
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Term
| Explain the purpose of S.M.A.R.T. goals and provide an example. |
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Definition
| Specific, Measurable, attainable, realistic, timely. |
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Term
| List and define the three types of grand strategies. |
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Definition
| Growth, Stability, Retrenchment |
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Term
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Definition
| buying and selling of goods and services by people from different countries |
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Term
| List the five types of non-tariff trade barriers. |
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Definition
| Quotas. Gov. Subsidies, Gov. Import standards, customs classification, voluntary export restraints |
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