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Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose
Test 6 Sem 2
22
Medical
Graduate
03/27/2011

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Cards

Term
What is the firs priority in managing these patients?
Definition
Airway - watch closely 1st few hours
Term
What is the ABCDs of initial therapy?
Definition
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Dextrose, Decontamination
Term
What med should be given in patients with suspected opiod overdose?
Definition
IV naloxone
Term
What two meds can be used for hypotension?
Definition
dopamine (used more) and norepinephrine
Term
What are 4 drugs that most commonly cause seizures?
Definition
1) TCAs
2) Cocaine
3) antihistamines
4) Isoniazid
Term
What drugs do you give to treat seizures?
Definition
diazepam and lorazepam
Term
What do you administer if isonizaid poisoning is suspected?
Definition
pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
Term
What is an essential tx for persons with rhabodmyolysis?
Definition
Aggressive volume expansion with IV fluids to prevent deposition in kidneys
Term
How do you calculate serum osmolality?
Definition
2*(Na)+(BUN/2.8)+(glucose/18) sometimes + (ethanol/4.6)
Term
What is the minimum toxic dose of acetominophen and what do you use to plot it?
Definition
150-200 mg/kg or about 7-10g in adults
Use Rumack-Matthew nomogram to predict toxicity
Term
What drug is used to treat acetominophen toxicity?
Definition
acetylcysteine
Term
What drug is used to treat anticholinergic and antihistamine toxicity?
Definition
physostigmine
Term
What is used to treat hypotension from beta blocker usage?
Definition
glucagon, if fails-epi
Term
What do you want to measure if carbon monoxide toxicity is suspected?
Definition
carboxyhemoglobin level
Term
What is unique about the diagnosis of cyanide poisoning?
Definition
bitter almond taste
severe lactic acidosis is usually present
Term
What do you use to chelate iron toxicity?
Definition
deferoxamine
Term
What is a specific antidote for isonizid?
Definition
Vitamin B6
Term
What is used to treat methemoglobinemia-inducing agents?
Definition
methylene blue
Term
What is the DUMBBELS mnemonic for organophosphate toxicity?
Definition
D-diarrhea
U-urination
M-miosis
B-bronchospasm
B-Bradycardia
E-Excititation
L-Lacrimination
S-Salivation
Term
What is the treatment for organophosphates?
Definition
Atropine and parlidoxime (2-PAM)
Term
What is the most common initial manifestation of salicylate poisoning?
Definition
hyperventilation from respiratory acidosis
Term
What med do you use to treat sedative-hypnotic agents?
Definition
flumazenil
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