Term
| List and describe the three types of control. |
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Definition
- Feedforward Control (anticipate problems before they occur)
- Concurrent control (Manage problems as they occur)
- Feedback control (Manage problems after they have arisen)
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Term
List the four steps in organizational control. |
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Definition
- Establish the standards of performance, goals, or targets against which performance is to be evaluated
- Measure actual performance
- Compare actual performance against chosen standards of performance
- Evaluate the result and initiate corrective action if the standard is not being achieved
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Term
| List the four steps in the organizational change process. |
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Definition
- Assess the need for change
- Decide on the change to make
- Implement the change
- Evaluate the change
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Term
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Definition
| Motivation may be defined as psychological forces that determine the direction of a person’s behavior in an organization, a person’s level of effort, and a person’s level of persistence in the face of obstacles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning can be defined as a relatively permanent change in a person’s knowledge or behavior that results from practice or experience. |
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Term
| List and describe positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment. |
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Definition
Positive reinforcement: gives people outcomes they desire when they perform organizationally functional behaviors
Negative reinforcement: Eliminating or removing undesired outcomes when people perform organizationally functional behaviors.
Extinction: curtailing the performance of dysfunctional behaviors by eliminating whatever is reinforcing them.
Punishment: Administering an undesired or negative consequence when dysfunctional behavior occurs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leadership: The process by which a person exerts influence over other people and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities to help achieve group or organizational goals. |
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Term
| List and define the 5 sources of managerial power. |
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Definition
Legitimate power: is the authority a manager has by virtue of his or her position in an organizational hierarchy.
Reward power: Is the ability of a manager to give or withhold tangible rewards.
Coercive power: is the ability of a manager to punish others.
Expert Power: is based on the special knowledge, skills, and expertise that a leader possesses.
Referent Power: Is a function of the personal characteristics of a leader; it is the power that comes from subordinates’ and coworkers’ respect, admiration, and loyalty. |
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Term
| Define transformational and transactional leadership |
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Definition
Transformational Leadership: leadership that makes subordinates aware of the importance of their jobs and performance to the organization and aware of their own needs for personal growth and that motivates subordinates to work for the good of the organization.
Transactional Leadership: Leadership that motivates subordinates by rewarding them for high performance and reprimanding them for low performance. |
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Term
| Describe the difference between a group and a team. |
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Definition
| A group is two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish goals and meet needs while a team is a group who work intensively with each other to achieve a common goal or objective. |
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Term
| List the 5 stages of group development. |
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Definition
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Adjourning
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Term
| List the 4 factors leading to group cohesiveness. |
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Definition
- Group Size
- Effectively Managed Diversity
- Group Identit and Help Competition
- Success
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Term
| List the components of a human resource management system. |
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Definition
- Recruitment and Selection
- Training and Development
- Performance Appraisal and Feedback
- Pay and Benefits
- Labor Relations
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Term
| List 6 selection tools used in the applicant screening process. |
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Definition
- Background Information
- References
- Paper-and-pencil tests
- Physical ability tests
- Performance tests
- Interviews
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Term
| List the 4 factors affecting the usefulness of information. |
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Definition
- Quality
- Relevance
- Completeness
- Timeliness
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Term
| List the 5 things most customers prefer in terms of product attributes. |
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Definition
- A lower price
- High-quality products
- Quick service
- Products with many features
- Products that are, as far as possible, customized or tailored to their unique needs.
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