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management 9e
12-14
53
Management
Undergraduate 3
12/13/2009

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Term
Fundamental attribution error
Definition
Overestimates internal factors and underestimates external forces as influences on someone's behavior
Term
halo effect
Definition
One attribute is used to develop an overall impression
Term
selective perception
Definition
The tendency to define problems from one's own point of view.
Term
projection
Definition
The assignment of personal attributes to other individuals
Term
Impression management
Definition
The systematic attempt to influence how others perceive us
Term
emotional stability
Definition
being relaxed, secure, and unworried.
Term
Locus of control
Definition
the extent to which one believes that what happens is within one's control
Term
Locus of control
Definition
the extent to which one believes that what happens is within one's control
Term
Authoritarianism
Definition
the degree to which a person tends to defer to authority
Term
Machiavellianism
Definition
The extent to which someone is emotionally detached and manipulative. high-mach=THE PRINCE
Term
cognitive dissonance
Definition
discomfort felt when attitude and behavior are inconsistent
Term
job involvement
Definition
degree of dedication
Term
Organizational citizenship behaviors
Definition
things people do above and beyond basic job requirements
Term
Type A personality
Definition
a person oriented toward extreme achievement, impatience, and perfectionism
Term
personal wellness
Definition
the pursuit of one's full potential through a personal health-promotion program.
Term
commercializing innovation
Definition
turns ideas into products or processes that can increase profits.
Term
change leader
Definition
change agent who tries to change the behavior of another person or social system
Term
performance gap
Definition
discrepancy between a desired and actual state of affairs
Term
Planned change
Definition
aligns the organization with anticipated future challanges
Term
Incremental change
Definition
bends and adjusts existing ways to improve performance
Term
Unfreezing
Definition
the phase during which a feeling of need for change is created.
Term
Changing
Definition
the phase where a planned change actually takes place
Term
Refreezing
Definition
phase at which change is stabilized by creating acceptance, provicing resource support, and using positive reinforcement
Term
force-coercion strategy
Definition
pursues change through formal authority and / or the use of rewards or punishments
Term
rational persuasion strategy
Definition
pursues change through empirical data and rational argument
Term
shared power strategy
Definition
pursues change by participation in assessing change, needs, values, and goals
Term
action research
Definition
collaborative process of collecting data, using it for planning, and evaluating the results
Term
OD Intervention
Definition
structured activity that helps create change for organization development.
Term
coercive power
Definition
capacity to punish or withhold positive outcomes as a means of influence
Term
Legitimate power
Definition
capacity to influence by virtue of formal authority, or rights of an office
Term
Expert power
Definition
capacity to influence other people because of specialized knowledge
Term
Referent power
Definition
capacity to influence other people because of their desire to identify personally with you
Term
servant leadership
Definition
follower-centered and committed to helping others in their work
Term
Empowerment
Definition
enables others to gain and use decision-making power
Term
autocratic style
Definition
task over people. unilateral comand-and-control
Term
human relation style
Definition
people over task.
Term
laissez-faire style
Definition
"do the best that you can and don't bother me"
Term
democratic style
Definition
encourages participation with emphasis on task and people
Term
transactional leadership
Definition
directs the efforts of others through tasks, rewards, and structures
Term
transformational leadership
Definition
inspirational and arouses extraordinary effort and performance
Term
Emotional intelligence
Definition
ability to manage our emotions in social relationships
Term
Moral leadership
Definition
always "good" or "right"
Term
Integrity
Definition
honesty, credibility, and consistency in putting values into action
Term
Authentic leadership
Definition
activates positive psychological states to achieve self-awareness and positive self-regulation
Term
expectancy
Definition
person's belief that working hard will result in high task performance
Term
Instrumentality
Definition
person's belief that various outcomes will occur as a result of task performance
Term
valence
Definition
value assigned to work-related outcomes
Term
law of effect
Definition
behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated
Term
Operant conditioning
Definition
control of behavior by manipulating it's consequences
Term
Positive reinforcement
Definition
strengthens a behavior by making a desirable consequence contingent on it's occurrence
Term
Negative reinforcement
Definition
strengthens a behavior by making the avoidance of an undesirable consequence contingent with its occurrence
Term
punishment
Definition
discourages a behavior by making an unpleasant consequence contingent on its occurrance
Term
Extinction
Definition
discourages a behavior by making the removal of a desirable consequence contingent on its occurance
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