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Concerned with imrpoving the performance of individual workers
*higher efficiency
*Fredrick Taylor
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Workers respond primarily to the social context of the work place |
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Illumination experiment designed to test the producitivty of workers based on their lighting. No real effect on worker productivity except when the lights were dimmed to the point workers could hardly see, thats when it started affecting them. |
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Relatively pessimistic and negative views of workers and it's consistent agreement with scientific management views |
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More positive outlook on workers representing assumptions with human relations |
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Contemporary field focusing on behavioral perspectives on managements |
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Quantitative Management Perspectives |
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Definition
Applies quantitative techniques to management in decision making, economic effectiveness, mathematical models, and use of computers
2 Branches, management science and operations management |
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Focuses specifically on the development of mathematical models |
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Concerned with helping the organization to more efficiently produce it's products or services |
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Interelated set of elements acting as a whole |
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Interact with the environment |
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Do not interact within environment |
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In contrast to one best way to manage an organization, it's solely based on the situation in the work place and environment. |
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Definition
Conditions and forces within an organization, e.g. Board of Directors, Owner, Employees, Physical Environment, Culture |
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Specific Organizations or groups that influence organizations, e.g. Competitors, Regulators, Customers, Suppliers, Strategic Planners |
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Set of broad dimensions and forces in an organizations surroundings that create it's overall context, e.g. Technological, Economic, Sociocultural, International, and Political-legal dimensions |
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Set of beliefs, values, behaviors, customs, and attitudes, letting the organization know what it stands for and what's important |
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Statement of an organizations fundamental purpose |
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Goals set by for and by top management of the organization |
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Goal set by and for middle managers of the organization |
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Goal set by and for lower level management of an organization |
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Focus on individual attitudes, behaviors, and on group processes, also known as "Industrial Psychology" |
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Definition
Interpersonal Roles, Information Roles, Decisional Roles |
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Figurehead, leader, Liason |
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Monitor, Disseminator, spokesperson |
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Entrepeneur, Disburnace handler, resource allocator, and negotiator |
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Basic functions of Management |
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Definition
To ensure the organizations goals are achieved in an effecient and effective manner |
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Technical, Interpersonal, Conceptual, Diagnostic, Communication, decision making, and time management skills |
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A general plan outlining decisions of resource allocation, priorities, and action steps neces‑ sary to reach strategic goals |
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Aimed at achieving tactical goals, is developed to implement specific parts of a strategic plan |
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Focuses on carrying out tactical plans to achieve operational goals |
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Plan that covers many years, perhaps even decades |
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A plan that generally covers from one to five years |
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A plan that generally covers a span of one year or less |
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A plan used to operationalize any other kind of plan |
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A plan developed to react to an unforseen circumstance |
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Management by Objectives or MBO |
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A formal goal-setting process involving collaboration between managers and subordinates; the extent to which goals are accomplished is a major factor in evaluating and rewarding subordinate's performances |
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Acronym for strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats |
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An aspirational description of what an operation would like to achieve or accomplish in the mid-term or long-term future. |
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A model that portrays how sales volume for products changes over the life of products |
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Backward Vertical Integration |
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An organization's beginning the business activities formerly conducted by it's suppliers |
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Forward Vertical Integration |
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An organizations beginning the business activities formerly conducted by it's customers |
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The purchase of one firm by another firm of approximately the same size |
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The purchase of a firm by a firm that is considerably larger |
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recognizing and defining the nature of a decision situation, identifying alternatives, choosing the best alternative, and putting it into practice |
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A decision that is fairly structured or recurs with some frequency |
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A decision that is relatively unstructured and occurs much less often than a programmed decision |
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Steps in rational decision making |
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Definition
Recognizing and defining the situation. Identifying alternatives. Evaluating alternatives. Selecting the best alternative. Implementing chosen alternative. Following up and evaluating the results. |
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A form of group decision making in which a group is used to achieve a consensus of expert opinion |
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