Term
| functions of male reproductive system: |
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Definition
produce sex cells and sex hormones
nourish and transport sex cells |
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Term
sex cells are called:
in male:
in femal: |
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Definition
gametes
m- spermatazoa
f- ova |
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Term
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Definition
androgens (testosterone most prevelant)
estrogens |
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Term
| two classes of sex orgnas: |
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Definition
gonads
accessory sex organs |
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Term
| gonads in males and females |
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Definition
m- testes (testis)
f- ovaries |
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Term
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Definition
Glands: secrete fluids and various molecules
Transport tubes for gametes |
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Term
| Testes are contained in the: |
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Definition
| scrotum – skin and superficial fascia surrounding the testes |
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Term
the scrotum is external to-
and this posistiong provides- |
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Definition
abdominopelvic cavity at base of penis
an environment 3˚ cooler than body temperature |
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Term
| Why does the penis need a cool environment? |
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Definition
| Internal body temperature too high for sperm development |
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Term
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Definition
| Cremaster muscle – bands of skeletal muscle surrounding the testes |
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Term
| testes develope from -- in -- region of abdominal cavity in fetus |
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Definition
intermediate mesoderm
upper posterior |
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Term
| during fetal period the testes descend |
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Definition
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Term
| Before birth/shortly after the testes descend into and through: |
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Definition
| into scrotum through inguinal canal (opening through anterior abdominal wall) |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrous capsule of dense connective tissue surrounds each testis |
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Term
| what extends inward to divide each testis into (#) of -- each containing 1-4 -- |
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Definition
partitions (septa)
250-300 lobules
coiled seminiferous tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| site of sperm development= spermatogenesis |
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Term
| Each seminiferous tubule surrounded by: |
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Definition
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Term
| Epithelium of seminferous tubues: |
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Definition
spermatogenic cells
sertoli cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| sertoli cells (sustentacular cells) |
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Definition
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Term
| epithelium of sertoli cells |
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Definition
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Term
| All spermatogenic cells in direct contact with |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| sertoli cells extend from |
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Definition
| basal lamina to the lumen of tubule |
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Term
sertoli cells are required for -- bc they:
secrete-
provide-
secrete- |
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Definition
sperm development
1)Secrete molecules necessary for sperm maturation
2)Provide nutrients for sperm
3)Secrete fluid to flush sperm into epididymis |
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Term
| what exists between sertoli cells: |
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Definition
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Term
| Tight junctions exist between Sertoli cells to form: |
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Definition
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Term
| sperm mature at -- after -- therfore it does not-- |
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Definition
| Sperm mature (at puberty) after immune system develops; does not recognize mature cells as “self” |
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Term
| what prevents destruction of sperm by immune cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many sperm/day does spermatogenesis create? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cells differentiate and move from periphery of tubule toward the lumen |
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Term
| stages of spermatogenesis: |
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Definition
1)Spermatagonia
2)Primary spermatocytes
3)Secondary spermatocytes
4)Spermatids- small
5)Spermatazoa |
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Term
| Spermatogenesis in testes startes from -- and continues to -- |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the most immature cells in spermatogenesis? |
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Definition
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Term
during Spermatogenesis in testes, following cell division-
limited or unlimited supply? |
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Definition
one spermatogonia stays to produce more
unlimited suppy |
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Term
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Definition
chromosomes +
acrosome( enzymes for fertilization) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| whiplike movements propel sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| other cells of testes, aka interstitial cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| in between seminiferous tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| Spermatazoa flushed from seminiferous tubules into interconnecting network of ducts |
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Term
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Definition
| Then flushed from rete testis into duct of epididymis |
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Term
| length of epididymus when uncoiled |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| epithelium of epidymus is |
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Definition
| dominated by pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
immotile long microvilli
in tufts along epithelium in epididymus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how long is the sperm's journey to move thru epididymus |
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Definition
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Term
| in the epididymus the sperm: |
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Definition
| gain ability to swim and fertilize egg |
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Term
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Definition
aka vas deferens
transport sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| surgically cut portion of ductus deferens located in scrotum |
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Term
| ductus deferens has a layer of |
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Definition
Thick muscularis layer; smooth muscle
–Contractions help move sperm |
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Term
| ductus deferens loops over |
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Definition
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Term
| ductus deferens joins -- via -- |
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Definition
| prostatic urethra via ejaculatory duct |
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Term
| ductus deferens epithelium |
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Definition
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
–Same as epididymis |
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Term
| ductus deferens leaves scrotum through: |
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Definition
| spermatic cords, tubes of thick fascia |
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Term
| each spermatic chord contains: |
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Definition
1)Ductus deferens
2)Testicular artery
3)Plexus of small veins = pampiniform veins; help cool testes
4)Lymph vessels and nerves |
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Term
| accessory glands of male reproductive system: |
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Definition
seminal vesicles
prostrate gland
bulbourethral glands |
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Term
| where are the seminal vesicles |
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Definition
| lie on posterior surface of urinary bladder |
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Term
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Definition
| most (60%) of volume of semen |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
–Fructose to nourish sperm
–Secrete prostaglandins – molecules that induce contractions in female reproductive tract
–Clotting factors for semen: clotted semen more likely to remain in female reproductive tract |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| prostrate gland is located: |
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Definition
| encircles prostatis urethra |
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Term
| prostrate gland consists of |
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Definition
| 20-30 compound tubuloalveolar glands embedded in dense connective tissue; 3 types |
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Term
| 3 types of compound tubuloalveloar glands? |
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Definition
1)Mucosal
2)Submucosal glands
3)Main glands |
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Term
| where are benign/malignant tumors in the glands? |
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Definition
mucosal benign
submucosal and main glands malignant |
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Term
| prostrate gland secretes: |
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Definition
| Secretes about 25-30% of seminal fluid |
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Term
| Fluid that the prostrate gland secretes contains: |
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Definition
substances that dissolve clotted semen; releases sperm
Prostate-specific antigen |
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Term
| Prostate-specific antigen= |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the Bulbourethral glands |
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Definition
| Pea-sized glands inferior to the prostate gland |
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Term
| Bulbourethral glands produce: |
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Definition
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Term
| Bulbourethral glands mucus enters-- prior to-- to -- which-- |
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Definition
spongy (penile) urethra prior to ejaculation to Cleans and lubricates urethra which
Enhances pH for optimal survival of sperm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are erectile bodies? |
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Definition
| Thick tubes of erectile tissue surrounded by connective tissue; run length of penis |
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Term
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Definition
| Large blood sinuses that can fill with blood with appropriate stimulation = cavernous spaces |
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Term
| what dilate arteries/compresses veins in penis? What does this do? |
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Definition
Parasympathetic input
Blood rushes into cavernous spaces – penis erect |
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Term
| # of dorsal erectile bodies- |
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Definition
| 2= corpora cavernosa- most of the mass of penis |
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Term
| # of ventral erectile bodies- |
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Definition
| 1= corpus spongiosum- surround penile urethra, expands into glands of penis |
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