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Male Reproductive System
Chabner Language of Medicine Chapter 9
157
Medical
Undergraduate 1
11/12/2012

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Term
Androgen
Definition
Hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sex characteristics, such as beard growth and deepening of voice.
Term
Aspermia
Definition
Failure in a male of production of sperm cells (spermatozoa) as well as ejaculation of semen (fluid and sperm cells).
Term
Azoospermia
Definition
Lack of live spermatozoa in the semen
Term
Balanitis
Definition
Inflammation of the glans penis
Term
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Definition
Increased growth of the prostate gland in numbers of cells
Term
Bulbourethral gland
Definition
One of a pair of exocrine glands, located on either side of the male urethra, gland just below the prostate gland. It secretes fluid that is part of semen; Cowper gland
Term
Castration
Definition
Removal of sex glands (gonads); ovaries or testes.
Term
Chancre
Definition
Primary lesion of syphilis; a hard ulcer occurring at the site of entry of the bacterial infection and most frequently on the external genitalia of a male or female
Term
Chlamydial infection
Definition
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection that invades the male urethra and female vagina and cervix.
Term
Circumcision
Definition
Surgical removal of the foreskin (prepuce) surrounding the end of penis.
Term
Cryogenic surgery
Definition
Use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue
Term
Cryptorchism
Definition
One or both testes fail to descend from the abdomen in the scrotal sac near the time of birth
Term
Ejaculation
Definition
Ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra as a result of sexual stimulation.
Term
Ejaculatory duct
Definition
Tube through which semen enters the male urethra.
Term
Embryonal carcinoma
Definition
Malignant tumor of the testes
Term
Epididymis
Definition
One of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes lying on top of each testis. It carries sperm cells to the vas deferens
Term
Epididymitis
Definition
Inflammation of an epididymis
Term
Erectile dysfunction
Definition
Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; impotence
Term
Flagellum
Definition
A flagellum is a hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile.
Term
Fraternal twins
Definition
Two infants born of the same pregnancy from two separate ova and two twins separate sperm cells
Term
Glans penis
Definition
Sensitive tip (surrounded by foreskin) of the penis
Term
Gonorrhea
Definition
Sexually transmitted infection involving inflammation of genital tract mucous membranes and caused by gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria).
Term
Herpes genitalis
Definition
Sexually transmitted infection of the skin and mucosa of the genitals caused by the herpes simplex virus and marked by blisters.
Term
Human papillomavirus
Definition
Infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus.
Term
Hydrocele
Definition
Hernia (sac of clear, watery fluid) within the scrotum.
Term
Hypospadias
Definition
Congenital anomaly in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis.
Term
Identical twins
Definition
Two infants resulting from division of one fertilized egg into two separate embryos
Term
Impotence
Definition
Inability of an adult male to achieve an erection; erectile dysfunction.
Term
Ligation
Definition
Tying off a tube or blood vessel. Thread or wire is used
Term
Oligospermia
Definition
Scanty (less than the normal number of sperm in semen) sperm count.
Term
Orchiectomy
Definition
Removal (excision) of a testis
Term
Orchiopexy
Definition
Surgical fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum
Term
Orchitis
Definition
Inflammation of a testis
Term
Parenchyma
Definition
Functional, essential tissue of an organ. The seminiferous tubules are the parenchyma of the testis
Term
Penile
Definition
Pertaining to the penis
Term
Penis
Definition
Male external organ of reproduction.
Term
Penoscrotal
Definition
Pertaining to the penis and scrotum
Term
Perineum
Definition
In a male, the external area between the anus and scrotum. In a female, the external area between the anus and the vagina
Term
Phimosis
Definition
Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce (foreskin) over the glans penis
Term
Photoselective vaporization of the prostate
Definition
A minimally invasive surgical procedure for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia in which a green laser light is used to remove prostatic tissue.
Term
Prepuce
Definition
Fold of skin covering the glans penis (tip of the penis); foreskin.
Term
Prostatectomy
Definition
Removal (excision) of the prostate gland
Term
Prostate gland
Definition
Exocrine gland, in men, at the base of the urinary bladder. It secretes fluid (part of semen) into the urethra during ejaculation
Term
Prostatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the prostate gland.
Term
Purulent
Definition
Pus-filled; forming or containing pus
Term
Scrotum
Definition
Sac that contains the testes and associated organs
Term
Semen
Definition
Fluid discharged at ejaculation; consisting of sperm cells and secretions from the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands
Term
Seminal vesicle
Definition
One of a pair of sac-like male exocrine glands lying behind the urinary vesicle bladder and opening into the vas deferens. It secretes fluid that is the major part of semen
Term
Seminiferous tubules
Definition
Narrow, coiled tubules that produce spermatozoa in the testes.
Term
Seminoma
Definition
Malignant tumor within a testis
Term
Spermatogenesis
Definition
Formation of sperm cells
Term
Spermatozoa
Definition
Sperm cells
Term
Spermatozoon
Definition
Single sperm cell
Term
Spermolytic
Definition
Pertaining to destruction of sperm cells.
Term
Sterilizatio
Definition
Procedure that removes an individual’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells
Term
Stroma
Definition
Supportive, connective tissue of an organ
Term
Syphilis
Definition
Sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria (spirochetes). A chancre (ulcer) on the genitalia is a characteristic lesion
Term
Teratoma
Definition
Malignant tumor of a testis or ovary; composed of embryonic cells that develop into different types of tissue
Term
Testicular
Definition
Pertaining to a testis or testicle
Term
Testicular torsion
Definition
Twisting of the spermatic cord and blood vessels of the testes
Term
Testis
Definition
Male gonad that produces spermatozoa (sperm cells) and the hormone, testosterone.
Term
Testosterone
Definition
Male hormone secreted by the interstitial cells of the testes
Term
Varicocele
Definition
Enlarged, dilated veins near a testicle
Term
Vas deferens
Definition
Narrow tube (one on each side) that carries sperm from the epididymis into the body, around the urinary bladder toward the urethra.
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
Removing a piece of each vas deferens and tying off each end
Term
Vasovasostom
Definition
New opening (anastomosis) of the ends of a severed vas deferens. This surgical procedure reverses a vasectomy
Term
androgen
Definition
Male hormone producing or stimulating male characteristics. An example is
testosterone.
Term
balanitis
Definition
Inflammation of the glans penis
Term
cryogenic surgery
Definition
Pertaining to destruction of tissue by producing cold temperatures
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
Undescended testicles.
Term
epididymitis
Definition
Inflammation of the epididymis
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
Sexually transmitted disease; disease marked by gonococci and urethral
discharge
Term
hydrocele
Definition
Hernia (sac) of fluid in the scrotal sac
Term
orchiectomy
Definition
Removal of a testicle
Term
orchitis
Definition
Inflammation of a testicle
Term
penile
Definition
Pertaining to the penis
Term
penoscrotal
Definition
Pertaining to the penis and scrotum.
Term
prostatitis
Definition
Inflammation of the prostate gland
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
Removal of the prostate gland.
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
Produce sperm in the testes
Term
spermolytic
Definition
Pertaining to destruction of sperm
Term
oligospermia
Definition
Scanty production of sperm
Term
aspermia
Definition
Lack of formation or ejaculation of semen
Term
teratoma
Definition
Tumor (testicular) that is composed of many types of tissue. Terat/o means
monster.
Term
testicular
Definition
Pertaining to the testes.
Term
varicocele
Definition
Hernia (collection) of swollen, twisted veins above the testes
Term
vasectomy
Definition
Removal of a portion of each vas deferens
Term
azoospermia
Definition
Lack of spermatozoa in semen
Term
spermatogenesis
Definition
Formation of sperm cells
Term
testosterone
Definition
Male hormone produced by the testes.
Term
orchiopexy
Definition
Fixation of the testicle. It is put in place following a diagnosis of
cryptorchidism.
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
New opening (anastomosis) between two parts of the vas deferens; surgery to
reverse vasectomy
Term
bulbourethral glands
Definition
pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra; they secrete fluid into urethra; they are also called Cowper glands
Term
ejaculation
Definition
ejection of sperm and fluid from male urethra
Term
ejaculation duct
Definition
tube through which semen enters male urethra
Term
epididymis
Definition
one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes on top of each testis; carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens
Term
erectile dysfunction
Definition
inability of adult male to achieve an erection; impotence
Term
flagellum
Definition
hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move)
Term
fraternal twins
Definition
two infants born of same pregnancy from two separate egg cells fertilized by two different sperm
Term
glans penis
Definition
sensitive tip of the penis
Term
identical twins
Definition
two infants results from division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos.
Term
parenchyma
Definition
essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testes, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are the parenchymal tissues
Term
penis
Definition
male external organ of reproduction
Term
perineum
Definition
external region between the anus and scrotum in the male
Term
prepuce
Definition
foreskin; fold of skin covering tip of penis
Term
prostate gland
Definition
exocrine gland at base of male urinary bladder. The prostate secretes the fluid part of the semen into the urethra during ejaculation
Term
scrotum
Definition
external sac that contains testes
Term
semen
Definition
spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostate and seminal vesicle secretions)
Term
seminal vesicles
Definition
paired sac-like male exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes
Term
spermatazoon (plural: spermatozoa)
Definition
sperm cell
Term
sterilization
Definition
procedure that remove an individual;s ability to produce or release reproductive cells
Term
stroma
Definition
supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma
Term
testis (plural: testes)
Definition
male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone.
Term
testosterone
Definition
hormone secreted by the interstitial tissue of the testes; responsible for male sex characteristics
Term
vas deferens
Definition
narrow tube (one on each side) that carries sperm from the epididymis into the body and toward the urethra. Also called ductus deferens
Term
andr/o
Definition
male
Term
balan/o
Definition
penis
Term
cry/o
Definition
cold
Term
crypt/o
Definition
hidden
Term
epididym/o
Definition
epididymis
Term
gon/o
Definition
seed
Term
hydr/o
Definition
water, fluid
Term
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o
Definition
testis, testicle
Term
pen/o
Definition
penis
Term
prostat/o
Definition
prostate gland
Term
semin/i
Definition
semen, seed
Term
sperm/o, spermat/o
Definition
spermatozoa, semen
Term
terat/o
Definition
monster
Term
test/o
Definition
testis, testicle
Term
varic/o
Definition
varicose veins
Term
vas/o
Definition
vessel, duct; vas deferens
Term
zo/o
Definition
animal life
Term
-genesis
Definition
formation
Term
-one
Definition
hormone
Term
-pexy
Definition
fixation, put in place
Term
-stomy
Definition
new opening
Term
cryptorchidism; cryptorchism
Definition
undecended testicles
Term
hydrocele
Definition
sac of clear fluid in the scrotum
Term
testicular torsion
Definition
twisting of the spermatic cord
Term
varicocele
Definition
enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle
Term
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Definition
benign growth of cells within the prostate gland
Term
carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)
Definition
malignant tumor of the prostate gland
Term
hypospadias; hypospadia
Definition
congenital abnormality in which the male urethra opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip
Term
phimosis
Definition
narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis
Term
chlamydial infection
Definition
bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)
Term
herpes genitalis
Definition
infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Term
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
Definition
infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus
Term
syphillis
Definition
chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)
Term
PSA test
Definition
measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood
Term
semen analysis
Definition
microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid
Term
castration
Definition
surgical excision of testicle or ovaries
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis
Term
digital rectal examination (DRE)
Definition
finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland
Term
photoselective vaporization of the prostate (GreenLight PVP)
Definition
removal of tisue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)
Term
vasectomy
Definition
bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens
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