ORIGIN: Occipital bone, spines of 7th cervical and thoracic vertebrae

INSERTION: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapule

PRIMARY FUNCTION: 

Upper: Upward rotation and elevation of scapula

Middle: Upward rotation and adduction of scapula

Lower: Depression of scapula

TRAPEZIUS

ORIGIN: Transverse Processes of first four Cervical Vertebrae

INSERTION: Upper Vertebral Border of scapula

FUNCTION: Elevation of scapula

Levator Scapulae

ORIGIN: Spines of 7th cervial through 5th thoracic vertebrae

INSERTION: Middle to lower vertebal border of scapula

FUNCTION: Adduction, downward rotation, and elevation of scapula

Rhomboid Major and Minor

ORIGIN: Anterior surface of ribs 3-5

INSERTION: Coracoid Process of scapula

FUNCTION: Stabilization, depression, downward rotation, and abduction of the scapula

Pectoralis Minor

ORIGIN: Occipital bone, spines of 7th cervical and thoracic vertebrae

INSERTION: Ventral surface of vertebral border of scapula

FUNCTION: Stabilization, abdution, and upward rotation of the scapula

Serratus Anterior (Saggital View)

ORIGIN: Clavical, sternum, and first six costal cartilages

INSERTION: Greater tubercule of humerus

FUNCTION: Flexion, extension, adduction, internal rotation, and horizontal adduction

Pectoralis Major

ORIGIN: Anterior, lateral clavicle, border of the acromion, and lower edge of spine of the scapula

INSERTION: Deltoid tubercule of humerus on mid-lateral surface

FUNCTION: 

Entire Muscle: Abduction

Anterior Fibers: flexion, internal rotation, and horizontal adduction

Posterior Fibers: external rotation and horizontal abduction

DELTOID

ORIGIN: Spines of lower six thoracic vertebrae and all lumbar vertebrae, crests of illium and sacrum, lower four ribs, and interor angle of scapulae

INSERTION: Medial side of intertubercular groove of humerus

FUNCTION: Extension, adduction, horizontal abduction, and internal rotation

Latissimus Dorsi

ORIGIN: Various Aspects of scapula

INSERTION: All insert on greater tubercle of humerus EXCEPT for the subscapularis. which inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerus

FUNCTION: 

Infraspinatus and teres minor: External Rotation

Subscapularis: Internal Rotation

Supraspinatus: Abduction

All: Stability of humeral head

Rotator Cuff

ORIGIN: Posterior inferior lateral border of scapula, just superior to inferior angle

INSERTION: Intertubercular groove of the humerus

FUNCTION: Extension, adduction, and internal rotation

Teres Major

ORIGIN: Long head: Tubercle above glenoid cavity

Short head: Coracoid process of scapula

INSERTION: Radial tuberosity

FUNCTION: Flexion at elbow, supination at forearm

Biceps brachii

ORIGIN: Anterior humerus

INSERTION: Ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna

FUNCTION: Flexion at elbow

Brachialis

ORIGIN: Distal 2/3 of lateral condyloid ridge of humerus

INSERTION: Styloid process of radius

FUNCTION: Flexion at elbow, supination at forearm

Brachioradialis

ORIGIN: Long head: lower edge of glenoid cavity of scapula

Lateral head: posterior humerus

Short head: distal 2/3 of posterior humerus

INSERTION: Olecranon process of ulna

FUNCTION: Extension at elbow, arm extension (long head)

Triceps brachii

ORIGIN: Epicondyle of medial humerus

INSERTION: Middle 1/3 of lateral radius

FUNCTION: Flexion at elbow and pronation of forearm

Pronator teres

ORIGIN: Distal anterior surface of ulna

INSERTION: Distal anterior surface of radius

FUNCTION: Pronation at forearm

Pronator quadratus

ORIGIN: Lateral, posterior epicondyle of humerus and supinator crest of ulna

INSERTION: Proximal, lateral surface of radius

FUNCTION: Supination at forearm

Supinator

ORIGIN: Medial epicondyle of humerus

INSERTION: Anterior base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

FUNCTION: Flexion

Flexor carpi radialis

ORIGIN: Medial epicondyle of humerus, medial olecranon process, and upper posterior ulna

INSERTION: 5th metacarpal

FUNCTION: Flexion

Flexor carpi ulnaris

ORIGIN: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

INSERTION: Posterior base of 2nd metacarpal

FUNCTION: Extension

Extensor radialis longus

ORIGIN: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and middle 1/2 of posterior ulna

INSERTION: Posterior base of 5th metacarpal

FUNCTION: Extension

Extensor carpi ulnaris

ORIGIN: Medial epicondyle of humerus

INSERTION: Palmar aponeurosis

FUNCTION: Flexion

Palmaris longus

ORIGIN: Pubic crest

INSERTION: Cartilage of 5th through 7th ribs

FUNCTION: Flexion and lateral flexion of the trunk

Rectus abdominis

ORIGIN: Anterior, lateral borders of lower 8 ribs

INSERTION: Anterior half of ilium, pubic, and anterior fascia

FUNCTION: Contralteral rotation, lateral flexion, and forward flexion

External oblique

ORIGIN: Lumbodorsal fascia, iliac crest, and anterior fascia

INSERTION: Cartilage of last 3 to 4 ribs, linea alba, and superior ramis of pubis

FUNCTION: Ipsilateral rotation, lateral flexion, and forward flexion (both sides)

Internal Oblique

ORIGIN: Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, cartilages of last 6 ribs, and anterior fascia

INSERTION: Xiphoid process of sternum, anterior fascia, and pubis

FUNCTION: Compresses abdomen

Transverse abdominis

ORIGIN: Posterior iliac crest, sacrum, ribs, and vertebrae

INSERTION: Angles of ribs, transverse processes of all ribs

FUNCTION: Extension (both sides) and lateral flexion

Erector Spinae

ORIGIN: Posterior surface of the sacrum, articular processes of the lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes or the thoracic vertebrae, articular processes of C3-7

INSERTION: The spinous processes of vertebrae 1 through 4

FUNCTION: Contributes to spinal stability during trunk extension, rotation, and side bending

ORIGIN: Transverse processes of T12 and L1-L5; Iliac crest and fossa

INSERTION: Lesser trochanter of femur

FUNCTION: Flexion and external rotation

Iliopsoas: Iliacus and psoas major and minor

ORIGIN: Anterior-inferior spine of ilium and upper lift of acetabulum

INSERTION: Superior aspect of patella and patellar tendon

FUNCTION: Flexion

Rectus femoris

ORIGIN: Posterior 1/4 of iliac crest and sacrum

INSERTION: Gluteal line of femur and iliotibial band

FUNCTION: Extension and external rotation; Superior fibers: abduction

Gluteus maximus

ORIGIN: Long head: ischial tuberosity; Short head: Lower, lateral linea aspera

INSERTION: Lateral condyle of tibia and head of fibula

FUNCTION: Extension, abduction, and slight external rotation

Biceps femoris

ORIGIN: Ischial tuberosity

INSERTION: Proximal anterior-medial aspect of tibia

FUNCTION: Extension, adduction, and slight internal rotation

Semitendinosus

ORIGIN: Ischial tuberosity

INSERTION: Posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle

FUNCTION: Extension, adduction, slight internal rotation

Semimembranosus

ORIGIN: Lateral surface of ilium

INSERTION: Greater trochanter of femur

FUNCTION: abduction; Anterior Fibers: internal rotation; Posterior Fibers: external rotation

Gluteus medius and minimus

ORIGIN: Pubic Ramus and ischial tuberosity

INSERTION: Medial aspects of femur

FUNCTION: Adduction

Adductor magnus

ORIGIN: Pubic Ramus and ischial tuberosity

INSERTION: Linea aspera of femur

FUNCTION: Adduction

Adductor brevis and longus

ORIGIN: Anterior Iliac crest and ilium just below crest

INSERTION: Illiotibial band

FUNCTION: Flexion, abduction, and internal rotation

Tensor fasciae latae

ORIGIN: Anterior superior iliac spine

INSERTION: Proximal anterior medial tibia just below the tuberosity

FUNCTION: Flexion and external rotation of the hip; flexion of the knee

Sartorius

ORIGIN: Superior pubic ramus

INSERTION: Lesser trochanter and linea aspera of femur

FUNCTION: Flexion, adduction, and external rotation

Pectineus

ORIGIN: Multiple origin points for six muscles on pubis ischium, sacrum, and obturator foramen

INSERTION: On and just below greater trochanter, and trochanteric fossa of femur

FUNCTION: External Rotation

Six Deep External Rotators: 
Piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, superior gemellus, inferior gemellus, quadratus femoris

ORIGIN: Pubic symphysis and arch

INSERTION: Medial tibia just below the condyle

FUNCTION: Adduction

Gracilis

ORIGIN: Along the surfaces of the lateral, anterior, and medial femur

INSERTION: Patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon

FUNCTION: Extension

Vastus lateralis, intermedius, and medialis

ORIGIN: Lateral condyle of femur

INSERTION: Proximal Tibia

FUNCTION: Knee flexion, internal rotation of the lower leg to "unlock knee"

Popliteus

ORIGIN: Proximal 2/3 of lateral tibia

INSERTION: Medial aspect of 1st cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

FUNCTION:Dorsiflexion at ankle, inversion of foot

Anterior tibialis

Lateral surface of head of tibia and proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

Inferior aspects of medial tarsal (1st cuneiform) and base of first metatarsal

Plantarflexion at ankle eversion at foot

Peroneus longus

Distal 2/3 of lateral fibula

Base of 5th metatarsil

Plantarflexion at ankle, eversion of foot

Peroneus brevis

Posterior surfaces of femoral condyles

Posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon

Plantarflexion at ankle, flexion at knee

Gastrocnemius

Proximal 2/3 of posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula and popliteal line

Posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon

Plantarflexion at ankle

Soleus

Posterior surface of lateral tibia and medial fibula

Lower medial surfaces of medial tarsals and metatarsals

Plantarflexion at ankle, inversion at foot

Posterior tibialis

Anterior middle fibula

Dorsal surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe

Dorsiflexion and inversion at foot, extension of great toe

Extensor hallucis longus

Lateral condyle of tibia and proximal 3/4 of fibula

Dorsal surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot, extension of toes 2-5

Extensor digitorum

Distal 1/3 of the anterior/lateral fibula

Dorsal surface of base of 5th metatarsal

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

Peroneus tertius

Distal 2/3 of fibula

Plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe

Flexion of great toe, plantarflexion and inversion of foot

Flexor hallucis longus

Posterior middle 1/3 of tibia

Plantar surfaces of distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Flexion of toes 2-5, plantarflexion and eversion of the foot

Flexor digitorum longus