Term
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Definition
Pituitary Gland
Hypothalamus
Thyroid Gland
Parathyroid Gland
Adrenal Gland
Pancreas
Thymus
Pineal Gland |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical messengers (steroids or Aas) produced by endocrine glands - hormones affect only specific organs called target organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Called master gland. Sits in hypophyseal fossa of sella turcica. Anterior pituitrary (adenohypophysis) is vascular, while the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) is neural tissue. |
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Term
| Anterior pituitary hormones |
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Definition
Follicle Stimulation Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (P)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Friends Let Good People Try Acid (Acidophils are GH and P) (Basophils are FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH) (chromophobes are other cells whose cytoplasm doesn't stain) |
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Term
| Hypophyseal Portal System |
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Definition
| portal system of capillaries and veins that run through infundibulum (connecting stalk), connect hypothalamus to anterior pituitary. Hypothalamus produces hormones via neurons in ventral hypo which travel through portal system to ant. Pituitary where they control release of ant. pit. hormones |
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Term
| Posterior Pituitary Hormones |
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Definition
Oxytocin release - labor, love, orgasm.
Antidiuretic Hormone Release - decreases urine output. too little of this and person can get diabetes insipidus which results in dehydration from excessive urine output
Think: post. Pit. - pregnant women need ADH in order to not have to pee all the time. |
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Term
| Hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract |
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Definition
| axons of neurons located in hypo that travel to post. Pit. Where they are released |
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Term
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Definition
Oxytocin Production
Antidiuretic Production |
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Term
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Definition
composed of 2 lobes joined by isthmus.
Follicular cells produce Thyroid Hormone (TH) which is made up of thyroxine (T4) and triodothyronine (T3). Primary fxn of TH is to control rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation and so affects almost all cells in body.
Parafollicular cells release calcitonin, which promotes absorption of Ca from blood into bones to increase bone building |
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Term
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Definition
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) - increased calcium absorption in blood - released by Chief Cells
know what oxyphil cells look like - fxn of them unknown, often form clusters and number increase with age |
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Term
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Definition
Insulin - released Beta cells located in Pancreatic Islets (islets of Langerhans) - increased absorption of glucose by cells in body
Glucagon - realeased by Alpha cells in Pancreatic Islets - stimulates liver to release glucose into blood
pacreatic islets are surrounded by pancreatic acini |
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Term
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Definition
| Adrenal Cortext and Adrenal Medulla |
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Term
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Definition
Adrenal Cortex:
i. Zona Glomerulosa - mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
ii. Zona Fasciculata - glucocorticoids (cortisone, hydrocortisone, corticosterone)
iii. Zona reticularis - sex hormones (gonadocorticouds) |
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Term
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Definition
| Epinerphrine and Norepinephrine |
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Term
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Definition
Thymosin
located just above heart - only in young people - in adults thymus converts to fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| melatonin - makes us drowsy - peaks at night and lowest around noon |
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