Present Simple

Regular actions, habits unchanged states in the present

Form: Subject + Verb (add "s" if Subj singular)

Subject + Doesn't/Don't + Verb  

(Wh-Q) Do/Does + Subject + Verb?

I work in an office. She works in an office.

They don't play the piano. She doesn't play the piano.

Does she work as writer? Yes, she does.

Do you study in the university? No, they don't.

Where does she  work? She works in an office.

Past Simple

An action that happened at a specific time in the past or a permanent state in the past. 

Form: Subject + Verb in the past + ...

Subject + Didn't + Verb in the infinitive 

(Wh-Qs) Did + Subject + Verb in the infinitive 

I lived in London in 1999. 

She didn't go to school yesterday. 

Did you study for the exam?

Yes, I did. No, I didn't. 

Where did you go last summer? 

I went to the Maldives 

Present Continuous 

An event or situation that is happening right now or temporary. 

Form: Subject + is/am/are + Verb in Present Patriciple

Subject + is/am/are with "not" + Verb in Present Participle

(Wh-Qs) is/am/are + Subject + Verb in Present Participle 

Dan and Andy are playing football. 

Sam isn't going out tonight. 

Are they travelling this month? 

Yes, they are. No, they aren't. 

When is he coming? He's coming at 9. 

Past Continuous 

An event/action in a time before now, which began in the past and was still going on when another event happened.

Form: Subject + Was/Were + Present Participle Verb

Subject + Was/Were with "Not" + Present Participle Verb

(Wh-Qs) Was/Were + Subject + Present Participle Verb

The sun was shining every day last summer. 

I was making dinner when she arrived. 

Jennie and Sam wasn't helping their sister. 

Were they being playing football?

Yes, they were. No, they weren't. 

What were you doing when I called you? 

I was cooking dinner.  

Present Perfect

Actions that started in the past and still continuing, often used with "since" or "for"

Actions that happened at some unknown time in the past, often used with "already, (not) yet, ever, or never".

Actions that happened in the past, but have an effect in the present. 

Form: Subject + Has/Have + Verb in Past Participle

(Wh-Qs) Has/Have + Subject + Verb in Past Participle

He's worked at the hospital since 2004.

They have eaten in that restaurant many times. 

The children have broken their toys. 

Has she visited England? 

Yes, she has. No, she hasn't. 

Where have I left my bag?

You've left it in the kitchen. 

Past Perfect 

Used to talk about an action in the past either before:

a. another action took place, or

b. before a very particular moment

Also used with reported speech after verbs like: said, told, asked, thought, wondered

Form: Subject + Had + Verb in Past Participle

(Wh-Qs) Had + Subject + Verb in Past Participle?

I had finished my homework. 

She hadn't gone to the school today.

Had they eaten dinner? 

Yes, they had. No, they had not.

Where had he left the car keys?

Present Perfect Continuous

Used to talk about actions that in the past and continue in the present, or actions that have just finished, but we are interested in the results. 

Form: Subject + Has/Have + Been + Present Participle

(Wh-Qs) Has/Have + Subject + Been + Present Participle?

They have been travelling since last October. 

Someone has been eating  my chips. 

Has she been running all day?

Yes, she has. No, she has not. 

How long have you been living here?

Past Perfect Continuous

Used to talk about an action that started in the past, continued in the past, and also ended at a specific point in the past. When, for, since, and before are words you can use with this tense. 

Form: Subject + Had + Been + Present Participle

(Wh-Qs) Had + Subject + Been + Present Participle

He had been working all afternoon.

They had been sleeping for 10 hours. 

Had she been living in the neighborhood for long?

Yes, she had. No, she had not. 

Where had he been staying on his vacation?

Future Simple

Used to talk about things that haven't happened yet, to predict a future event, to make a suggestion/invitation. 

Form: Subject + Will/Shall + Verb in Infinitive

Subject + Won't/Shall not + Verb in Infinitive

(Wh-Qs) Will/Shall + Subject + Verb in Infinitive?

It will rain tomorrow. 

I will do do the dishes.

The baby won't eat his soup. 

Shall  I open the windows? 

Yes, you shall. No, you shall not.

What will  you do when the results come out?

"Going to" Future

Used to talk about something certain to happen in the future.

Talk about a decision or plan you've made before.

Form: Subject + is/am/are + Going to + Verb in Infinitive

(Wh-Qs) Is/am/are + subject + going to + Verb in Infinitive

I'm going to have a hard time falling asleep.

It is going to rain tomorrow. 

We are going to have dinner tomorrow.

Is he going to buy a new car? 

Yes, he is. No, he is not.

Future Continuous

Refers to an unfinished event that will be in progress at a time later than now, to predict or guess a future event, to ask for information about the future, or about events that are happening now and will continue in the future. 

Form: Subject + Will (Won't) + Be + Present Participle of the Verb

(Wh-Qs) Will + Subject + Be + Present Participle of the Verb

She will be staying with you for two days. 

Next Monday, you will be working new job. 

He will be coming to the meeting, I expect.

I won't be seeing Jane this week so I can tell her.

Will Jim be going to the party with us?

Yes, he will. No, he will not.

Who will you be bringing with you to the trip?

I will be bringing my mother and sister.

Future Perfect

Refers to a completed action in the future, when we use this tense we're putting ourselves in the future and we are looking back at an action that will be completed at some time later than now.  Often used with time expressions.

Form: Subject + Will (Won't) + Have + Past Participle of the verb

(Wh-Qs) Will + Subject + Have + Past Participle of the verb

I will have been here for six month on June 23rd.

By the time you red this, I will have left. 

He won't have finished his report by this time next week. 

Will you have eaten when I pick you up?

Yes, I will. No, I will not.

Where will they have been when the plane lands?

Future Perfect Continuous

Used to describe an activity that will have begun sometime in the past, present, or in the future, and is expected to continue in the future. 

Form: Subject + Will (Won't) + Have + Been + Present Participle of the Verb

(Wh-Qs) Will + Subject + Have Been + Present Participle of the Verb

At five o'clock, I will have been waiting for five hours. 

He won't have been earning money for six months. 

Will they have been eating vegetables for three months? 

Yes, they will. No, they will not.