Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- c = 0
Ketone (middle)
Aldehyde (end) |
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Term
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Definition
- C = O
\
OH
Carboxylic Acid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
O
||
-O-P-O`
|
O
Organic Phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
H
|
- C - H
|
H
Methylated Compound |
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Term
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Definition
| Organic Molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen |
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Term
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Definition
| Important chemical groups that affect molecular function by being directly involved in chemical reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores the potential to react with water. This reaction releases energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Long molecule made up of connecting monomers |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeating units that serve as the building blocks of polymers |
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Term
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Definition
| When a bond forms between two monomers, each contributing part of a water molecule which is given off |
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Term
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Definition
| Essentially reverse of dehydration reaction. Breakage of bonds between monomers by adding a water molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| Sugars and polymers of sugars |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple of CH2O. e.g. Glucose (C6H12O6) |
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Term
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Definition
| Two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage |
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Term
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Definition
| A covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Polymers with a few hundred to a few thousand monosaccharide monomers joined by glycosidic linkages |
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Term
|
Definition
| Plant cells. Polymer of glucose |
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Term
|
Definition
| Animal Cells. Polymer of glucose |
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Term
|
Definition
| Found in cellulose most extensively. Every other glucose monomer is flipped |
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Term
|
Definition
| Major component of plant cell walls. Alpha-beta glucose makes hydrogen bonds occur forming a strong lattice. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fats, Phospholipids, Steroids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Constructed from glycerol and fatty acids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Long carbon skeleton. 16-18 C. Carboxyl group at end giving the term ACID |
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Term
|
Definition
| Three fatty acids linked to one glycerol |
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Term
| Saturated Fatty Acid vs. Unsaturated Fatty Acid |
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Definition
Unsaturated: Double bond at some point in the carbon skeleton. Skewing the zigzag so that it does not solidify as easily
Saturated: Carbons completely surrounded by Hydrogen. Solidifies at higher temperatures. Less healthy. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Major Constituent of cell membranes. Hydrophilic Choline/Phosphate/Glycerol head. Hydrophobic Fatty Acid Tail |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton of 4 fused rings |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical agents that selectively speed up chemical reactions |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Transport substances across cell membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| Coordinate an organisms activities |
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Term
|
Definition
| Responsible for the response of cell to chemical stimuli |
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Term
| Contractile and Motor Proteins |
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Definition
| Actin and Myosin. Movement. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Give Support to structures |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hydrocarbon Side chains. Exception: Methionine (CH2-CH2-S-CH3) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Covalent bond between two amino acids formed by a dehydration reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| Linear chain of amino acids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Regions stabilized by hydrogen bonds between atoms of the polypeptide backbone |
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Term
|
Definition
| 3-D Shape stabilized by interactions between side chains |
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Term
|
Definition
| Association of two or more polypeptides |
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Term
|
Definition
| Substitution of one amino acid for another at a particular position in hemoglobin causes the molecules to crystallize and the blood cell to take a sickle shape |
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Term
|
Definition
| When the weak chemical bonds within a protein are destroyed, causing the protein to lose its native shape |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
DNA
- Double Helix
- Deoxyribose
- T
RNA
- Ribose
- U
- SIngle Strand |
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