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Macroeconomics Ch 8 4th ed. Hubbard & O'Brian
Chapter Eight
21
Economics
Undergraduate 2
05/19/2012

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Term
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Definition
The market value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a period of time, typically one year
Term
Inflation rate
Definition
The percentage increase in the price level from one year to the next
Term
Intermediate good or service
Definition
A good or service that is an input into another good or service, such as a tire on a truck
Term
Investment
Definition
Spending by firms on new factories, office buildings, machinery, and additions to inventories, plus spending by households and firms on new houses
Term
Macroeconomics
Definition
The study of the economy as a whole, including topics such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth
Term
Microeconomics
Definition
The study of how households and firms make choices, how they interact in markets, and how the government attempts to influence their choices
Term
Net exports
Definition
Exports minus imports
Term
Nominal GDP
Definition
The value of final goods and services evaluated at current-year prices
Term
Price level
Definition
A measure of the average prices of goods and services in the economy
Term
Real GDP
Definition
The value of final goods and sevices evaluated at base-year prices
Term
Recession
Definition
The period of a business cycle during which total production and total employment are deceasing
Term
Transfer payments
Definition
Payments by the government to individuals for which the government does not receive a new good or service in return
Term
Underground economy
Definition
Buying and selling of goods and services that is concealed from the government to avoid taxes or regulations or because the goods and servics are illegal
Term
Value added
Definition
The market value a firm adds to a product
Term
Business cycle
Definition
Alternating perods of economic expansion and economic recession
Term
Consumption
Definition
Spending by households on goods and services, not including spending on new houses
Term
Economic Growth
Definition
The ability of an economy to produce increasing quantities of goods and services
Term
Expansion
Definition
The peroid of a business cycle during which total production and total employment are increasing
Term
Final Good or Service
Definition
A good or service purchased by a final user
Term
GDP deflator
Definition
A measure of the price level, calculated by dividing nominal GDP by real GDP and multiplying by 100
Term
Government purchases
Definition
Spending by federal, state and local governments on goods and services
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