Term
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Definition
| term used by many Latinos (see below) to refer to white North Americans of European descent. |
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Term
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Definition
| the full integration of people into society, typically through the adoption of the language, culture, values, dress, and other social norms of the majority population. For non-Englishspeakers immigrants from Latin America and the Caribbean, assimilation has usually been associated with giving up their language and customs and conforming to the dominant social and cultural patterns of North American society.\ |
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Term
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Definition
| educational method in which students are taught primarily in their native languages, while gradually increasing their use of English. The objective is to produce students who are fluent in both languages, while enabling nonEnglish-speakers to maintain an appropriate grade level through subject instruction in their native tongue. It has been mandated by federal law since 1974 for schools with 20 or more students speaking any language other than English as their mother tongue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mexican-Americans born in the United States. The term was popularized during the 1960s. |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to refer to all Spanish-speaking or Spanish-origin people living in the United States, including both immigrants and those who are U.S.-born. The term was first used by the U.S. Census Bureau in 1970, and has since become widely used as a catch-all term for all those of Spanish-American origin. It is viewed by some as unduly emphasizing the European element of Latin American and Caribbean culture while excluding those of African and/or indigenous descent. |
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Term
| Immigration Reform and Control (Simpson-Rodino) Act |
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Definition
| U.S. law passed in 1986, targeted especially at illegal immigration from Mexico and Central America. While establishing tough sanctions for employers hiring undocumented workers, the law also provided amnesty from prosecution and an offer of legal residency for all who could prove they had been living continuously in the United States since 1981. |
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Term
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Definition
| similar to Hispanic (above); a term used to refer to persons of Latin American origin living in the United States. Latino is preferred by some as a more inclusive term for the culturally diverse people of Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. |
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Term
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Definition
| term coined to describe the dual identity of Puerto Ricans living in New York. About 40 percent of all Puerto Ricans live on the mainland. Over half of these (20 percent of the total) live in New York City. |
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