Term
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Definition
specific for skeletal m, reduce spasticity that interferes w/ daily living like ms, cp, spinal cord inj
baclofen, dantrolene, bzd, tizanidine |
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Term
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Definition
relieves spasms, m relaxant, adjunct to rest, pt, relief of discomfort w/ msk d/o
cyclobenzaprine, bzd, tizanidine |
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Term
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Definition
inc tonic stretch reflex (1a sensory fiber --> a-motor n, inh int n), flexor m spasms punctuated w/ m weakness, often assoc w/ cp, ms, cva, involves stretch reflex arc + higher centers in cns
dmg desc pathways in spinal cord --> hyperexcitability of a-motor n
tx: red act of 1a afferent fibers and/or a-motor n |
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Term
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Definition
enh act of gaba at gaba-a R --> open cl channel --> usu hyperpolarization (a-motor n, inh) but can depolarize (1a afferent, disrupts nt release), also anti-anxiety w/in higher cns, partly direct effect on spinal cord since works on spinal cord transection pt
diazepam most common, use to red spasticity from multiple etiologies, ae sedation |
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Term
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Definition
lisoresal, gaba-b R antagonist (metabotropic) on 1a afferent + motor n --> open k channel (out), close ca channel (in) --> hyperpolarization
also red pain by inh substance p
active po (rapid withdrawal --> hallucination/seizure), adjust for kidney fxn, intrathecal for sever spasticity (doesn't leak out, higher dose possible, inc qol but problem maintaining cath)
use ms (esp flexor spasm, concomitant pain), clonus, m rigidity, spinal cord inj, not helpful for cva pt or rheumatic --> skeletal m spasm
as effective as diazepam w/ less sedation, doesn't red m strength as much as dantrolene
ae teratogen, drowsiness, hypotension, gi (nausea) |
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Term
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Definition
a2 agonist, congener of clonidine (less hypotensive, more cns), act presynaptic R on 1a afferent term --> dec release glu
po, onset 1.5 hr, halflife 2.5 hr, up to 6 hr, 95% first-pass
use ms/spinal inj, central/periph effect, comparable efficacy to diazepam, baclofen, dantrolene but diff ae (sedation, hypotension, dry mouth, lose strength, dizziness)
adjust for renal impair, inc lft, additive cns-dep action w/ diazepam/etoh, may inc conc phenytoin |
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Term
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Definition
dantrium, periph acting, inh ca release from ryanodine channel on sr of skeletal m (not cardiac/smooth), tx (neuroleptic) malignant hyperthermia (inherited, pts can't sequester ca in sr, neuromuscular blocking agent or ga --> massive release ca --> massive contraction --> lactic acid prod, inc temp
1/3 po abs, halflife 8 hr, ae general weakness, sedation, chemical hepatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| use acute m spasm, inh serotonergic input to m neuron (local tissue trauma, m strain), related to tricyclic antidepressant so antimuscarinic (dry mouth, avoid in elderly or glaucoma pts), long qt (avoid in arrhythmia pts) |
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Term
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Definition
| ns indirectly acting gaba agonist, anti epileptic |
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Term
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Definition
| rilutek, inh glu release (also red neuronal deg), inact v-dep na channel, use als |
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Term
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Definition
| inh ach release, local im inj for generalized spastic d/o like cp |
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