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M-Nin Ch.40 Animal Basics
Animal forms and functiond
21
Biology
Undergraduate 1
03/08/2009

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Term
Tissue
Definition
An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both.
Term
Epithelial Tissue
Definition
Sheets of tightly packed cells that line organs and body cavities as well as external surfaces.
Term
Connective Tissue
Definition
Animal tissue that functions mainly to bind and support other tissues, having a sparse populations of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix.
Term
Muscle Tissue
Definition
Tissue consisting of long muscle cells that can contract, either on its own or when stimulated by nerve impulses.
Term
Skeletal Muscle
Definition
Muscle that is generally responsible for the voluntary movements of the body; one type of striated muscle.
Term
Smooth Muscle
Definition
A type of muscle lacking the striations of skeletal and cardiac muscle because of the uniform distribution of myosin filaments in the cell; responsible for invouluntary body activities.
Term
Cardiac Muscle
Definition
A type of muscle that forms the contractile wall of the heart. Its cells are joined by intercalated disks that relay each heartbeat.
Term
Nervous Tissue
Definition
Tissue made up of neurons and supportive cells.
Term
Negative Feedback
Definition
A primary mechanism of homeostasis, whereby a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change.
Term
Positive Feedback
Definition
A physiological control mechanism in which a change in a variable triggers mechanisms that amplify the change.
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
The steadystate physiological condition of the body.
Term
Organ
Definition
A specialized center of body function composed of several different types of tissue.
Term
Organ System
Definition
A group of organs that work together performing vital body functions
Term
Bone
Definition
A connective tissue consisting of living cells held in a rigid matrix of collagen fibers embedded in calcium salts.
Term
Cartilage
Definition
A flexible connective tissue with an abundance of collagenous fibers embedded in chondroitin sulfate.
Term
Ligament
Definition
Fibrous connective tissue that joins bones together at joints.
Term
Tendon
Definition
Fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.
Term
Adipose Tissue
Definition
A connective tissue that insulates the body and serves as a fuel reserve; contains fat-storing cells called adipose cells.
Term
Neuron
Definition
A nerve cell; the fundamental unit of the nervous system, having structures and properties that allow it to conduct signals by taking advantage of the electrical charge across its plasma membrane.
Term
Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR)
Definition
The metabolic rate of resting, fasting, and non-stressed endotherm at a comfortable temperature.
Term
Standard Metabolic Rate(SMR)
Definition
The metabolic rate of a resting, fasting, and non stressed ectotherm at a particular temperature.
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