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Differences between members of the same species. |
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Discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of specific nucleotide sequence in DNA. |
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The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes; usually gentecially identical to the parent cell in most cases. |
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1) A lineage of genetically identical individuals or cells. 2) In popular usage; a single individual organism that is genetically identical to another individual. 3) As a verb, to make on or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell. see also gene cloning... |
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Type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the parents.
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The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductory history of an organism. |
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Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg. |
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Union of gametes, as in fertilization.(sexual reproduction)
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A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape. |
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A chromosome that is NOT directly involved in determining sex; NOT a sex chromosome. |
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Cells containing only one set of chromosomes. |
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A cell containing two sets of chromosomes(2n), one set inherited from each parent. |
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(1) The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote. (2) The addition of mineral nutrients to the soil. |
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A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father, and the other from the mother. Also called homologs, or a homologous pair. |
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The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes during fertilization, a fertilized egg. |
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Alternation of Generations |
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A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; charateristic of plants and some algae. |
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The pairing and physical connection of replicated homologous chromosomes during during prophase i. of meiosis. |
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A group of four chromatids formed by synapsis at the beginning of meiosis. |
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The X-shaped, microscopically visible region where homologous nonsister chromatids have exchanged genetic material through crossing over during meiosis, the two homologs remaining associated due to sister chromatid cohesion. Plural form; Chaiasmata |
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The reciprocal exchange(i.e a trade!) of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase i. of meiosis. |
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During meiosis, the two seperated partners of a chromosome pair are distributed randomly to the reproductive cells gametes, each gamete having an equal chance of receiving either chromosome.
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The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
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