Term
| What are the functions of the lymphatic system (3) |
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Definition
drains excess interstitial fluid
transports dietary lipids
carries out immune responses |
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Term
| Where does the lymphatic system transport dietary lipids |
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Definition
| from the small intestines to the blood stream |
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Term
| How does the lymphatic system carry out it's immune response |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two main characteristics of lymphatic capillaries |
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Definition
they are blind ended
they have overlapping endothelial cells |
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Term
| What does the overlapping arrangement of endothelial cells in the lymphatic capillaries allow for |
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Definition
| It allows interstitial fluid to enter lymphatic capillary through spaces between the cells when external pressure is increased |
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Term
| Lymphatic capillaries are widespread except for where |
|
Definition
| avascular tissue which is cornea of eye, cartilage, and epidermis |
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Term
|
Definition
| specialized lymphatic capillaries found in the small intestine which absorb dietary lipids |
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|
Term
| Where are valves found in the lymphatic system and why |
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Definition
| valves are found in larger lymphatic vessels and they prevent the backflow of lymph |
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Term
| What do large lymphatic vessels merge into |
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Definition
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Term
| What do lymphatic trunks empty into |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What are the two main lymphatic ducts |
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Definition
| right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct |
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|
Term
| Where does the right lymphatic duct receive lymph from |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What does the right lymphatic duct empty into |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where does the thoracic duct receive lymph from |
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Definition
| the whole body except for the right upper portion |
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|
Term
| What does the thoracic duct start out as |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the cisterna chyli |
|
Definition
| enlarged inferior end of the thoracic duct |
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|
Term
| What does the thoracic duct empty into |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| interstitial fluid that was not reabsorbed and was picked up by lymphatic capillaries |
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|
Term
| What is the flow of lymph |
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Definition
| one way flow beginning at lymphatic capillaries then smaller lymphatic vessels then larger lymphatic vessels then lymphatic trunks and then lymphatic ducts |
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Term
| What are the two main classes of cells in the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| lymphocytes and phagocytes |
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|
Term
| What are the three main lymphocytes found in the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| t-cells, b-cells, natural killer cells |
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Term
| What is the difference between T/B cells and NK cells |
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Definition
nk cells attack a variety of microbes
t-cells and b-cells only attack specific microbes |
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|
Term
| What is an autoimmune disease |
|
Definition
| A disease in which the t-cells and b-cells of the immune system are unable to differentiate between self and non-self |
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|
Term
| What is an immunodeficiency disease |
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Definition
| A disease in which the t/b cells fail to recognize foreign things as non-self |
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|
Term
| Which phagocytes are primarily involved in the lymphatic system |
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Definition
| neutrophils and macrophages |
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Term
|
Definition
| ingest and destroy microbes, clean up cellular debris |
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|
Term
| What are the two kinds of lymphatic organs |
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Definition
| primary lymphatic organs and secondary lymphatic organs |
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|
Term
| What happens at primary lymphatic organs |
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Definition
| lymphocytes become immunocompetent |
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Term
|
Definition
| the ability to carry out an immune response |
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|
Term
| What happens at secondary lymphatic organs |
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Definition
| they are where most immune responses occur |
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|
Term
| What are the primary lymphatic organs |
|
Definition
| thymus and red bone marrow |
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|
Term
| What are the secondary lymphatic organs |
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Definition
| lymphatic nodules(not an organ), spleen, lymph nodes |
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Term
|
Definition
| a bilobed organ located in the mediastinum |
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|
Term
| What happens in the thymus |
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Definition
| lymphocytes learn how to distinguish self from non-self |
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|
Term
| What does the thymus secrete and what does this secretion do |
|
Definition
| thymosin which induces t-cell maturation |
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|
Term
| At what stage of life is the thymus the largest |
|
Definition
| in the early years of life |
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|
Term
| What is the function of the lymph nodes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What types of cells do lymph nodes contain |
|
Definition
| lymphocytes and macrophages |
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|
Term
| What does lymph enter lymph nodes from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does lymph exit lymph nodes from |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Where are large clusters of lymph nodes found |
|
Definition
| axillary, cervical, and inguinal regions |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| swollen, enlarged, infected lymph nodes particularly in the inguinal region that are caused by an infection with the bacillus that causes bubonic plague |
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Term
| What is the largest lymph organ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the spleen located |
|
Definition
| between the lateral border of the stomach and the diaphragm |
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|
Term
| What is the spleen rich with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do resident t and b cells of the spleen do |
|
Definition
| carry out immune responses |
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|
Term
| What do resident macrophages of the spleen do |
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Definition
| they clean up debris and worn out erythrocytes and thrombocytes |
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|
Term
| What does the spleen store |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the function of the spleen in the fetus |
|
Definition
| it is the site of red blood cell production |
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|
Term
| What is a lymphatic nodule |
|
Definition
| connective tissue that contains a lot of lymphocytes but is not bound by a capsule |
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Term
|
Definition
| mucosa associated lymphatic tissue |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| in the respiratory, urinary, reproductive, and digestive systems |
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|
Term
| What are two well know MALTs |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they form a ring of lymphatic tissue at the opening of the pharynx |
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|
Term
| What is the function of the tonsils |
|
Definition
| they trap microbes and foreign particles |
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|
Term
| What are the five tonsils that form this ring |
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Definition
| 2 palatine 2 lingual 1 pharyngeal |
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|
Term
| Which tonsils are the ones you see at the back of your throat |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which tonsils are also called adenoids |
|
Definition
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